1. Episodic-like Memory
beginning to present

2. What is Episodic Memory?
A type of explicit memory
Flexible
Long-term
Autonoetic Consciousness
Nonhuman animals

3. What, Where, & When Is an integrated representation
Can be shown behaviorally in animals
Clayton & Dickinson, 1998
Degrade group
Replenish group
Pilfer (stolen) group
Two trials with two phases

4. Clayton & Dickinson cont’d
Scrub jays showed memory of what was stored, where food was stored and when.
Discriminated between trials
Integrated what, where, and when
Clayton, Yu, & Dickinson 2003
flexibility of episodic memory by integrating new information.
Correia, Dickinson & Clayton, 2007 Anticipation of Future Needs
Use of past experience to predict future situations.

5. Self-Referential Memory
Paukner et al., 2007
Self-directed behavior
Recall and Repeat
How long was the behavior remembered?
Still not true episodic memory.

6. Conclusion W-W-W Long-term Flexible Anticipate future
Autonoetic consciousness

7. Skov-Rackette, Miller, & Shettleworth, 2006 What-Where-When memory in Pigeons.
episodic-like memory for single events
what, where, and when; integrated or independent.
Red disk or green triangle in one of 8 locations
Test of what: match to sample
Test of where match to location
Test of when: choose representation of RI
no evidence for integrated information of what where and when.