1. Plant Form and Function

3. Thick structure (64 cells) Tube-like structure (64 cells) Flattened structure (64 cells) Surface area  420,000  m 2 (168 cell surfaces  2500  m 2 /cell surface) Surface area/volume  0.0525/  m Volume  8,000,000  m 3 (64 cells  125,000  m 3 /cell) Surface area  340,000  m 2 (136 cell surfaces  2500  m 2 /cell surface) Surface area/volume  0.0425/  m Volume  8,000,000  m 3 (64 cells  125,000  m 3 /cell) Surface area  240,000  m 2 (96 cell surfaces  2500  m 2 /cell surface) Surface area/volume  0.0300/  m Volume  8,000,000  m 3 (64 cells  125,000  m 3 /cell) 50  m

6. Root tip rootcap root hairs mucigel Root apical meristem

10. Stem module

12. dicotmonocot

16. Agrimony Water buttercup

21. Shoot apical meristem

23. epidermis cortex Vascular bundle Primary phloem Primary xylem Procambium pith Cross section of dicot primary stem

24. Vascular cambium Secondary xylem Primary phloem Secondary phloem Primary xylem

25. First year Secondary xylem Second year Secondary xylem

26. Annual ring Early wood Late wood

28. Secondary growth Cork cambium

29. phelloderm Cork cambium

30. cork Cork cambium phelloderm periderm

31. epidermis cortex

33. cork Cork cambium phelloderm Secondary phloem Vascular cambium Secondary xylem Primary xylem Primary phloem Mature secondary stem