1. Fundamentals of Biomechanics
Topic 4.3

2. Biomechanics
The applications of mechanics to the human body and sporting implements, and studies the forces on (and caused by) the human body and the subsequent result of those factors (Coleman 1999).
Biomechanics examines the forces caused by the human body and forces on the body from outside and the effects they have on the body’s motion.

3. Vectors and Scalars
Vectors – measurement that has both size or value and direction
Scalars – measurement that only has size/value

4. 4.3.1 Biomechanics Terms
Define the following terms, and indicate if a vector or scalar
force
speed
velocity
displacement
acceleration
momentum
impulse
center of mass (4.3.3)

5. Force – push or pull between two objects or bodies; f = mass x acceleration (F= m x a) (vector)
Speed – how fast an object is moving; speed = distance/time (scalar)
Velocity – how fast an object is moving in a particular direction; velocity = speed/time (vector)
Displacement – start and finish points found by measuring the length of a line and noting direction (vector)
Acceleration – the change in an objects speed/velocity per unit of time; the rate of change of velocity (vector)
Momentum – the quantity of motion (vector); mass x velocity (m x v)
Impulse – force and time frame over which the force is applied; the rate that force is applied; (vector); force x time (F x t)
Center of mass – when the mass and weight of an object are balanced in all directions (vector)