1. Mammalian Organ Systems

2. Digestive System

3. http://science.nationalgeographic.com/scienc e/health-and-human-body/human- body/digestive-system-article.html http://science.nationalgeographic.com/scienc e/health-and-human-body/human- body/digestive-system-article.html

4. Alimentary Canal Alimentary canal – Digestive system that includes the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestines, and anus  About 30 feet in length

5. Alimentary Canal Hard and soft palates – Separate the oral cavity from the nasal cavity

6. Alimentary Canal Epiglottis – cartilaginous structure that protects the superior opening of the larynx  When food is swallowed, the larynx is pulled upward and the epiglottis blocks the larynx Breathing stops when swallowing occurs

7. Alimentary Canal Esophagus – Long muscular tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach

8. Alimentary Canal Stomach – Holds and digests food Muscular walls contract and churn food with hydrochloric acid that break down proteins

9. Alimentary Canal Small intestines – Absorbs approximately 90% of nutrients and water  Duodenum – the first portion of the small intestine

10. Alimentary Canal  Jejunum – the long, coiled middle portion of the small intestine  Ileum – the final portion of the small intestine

11. Alimentary Canal Large intestines – Absorb the remaining nutrients and water from indigestible foods, compacts the remaining matter, and eliminates it as feces

12. Accessory Organs Accessory organs aid in digestion Liver – the body’s largest gland; detoxifies the blood and produces bile  Bile – used to break down fats

13. Accessory Organs Gallbladder - green muscular sac that hangs from the liver; collects, stores, and concentrates bile from the liver

14. Accessory Organs Pancreas – produces insulin and enzymes that aid in digestion  Insulin – helps regulate the amount of sugar in the blood

15. Cardiovascular System

17. Sensory Organ: Eye

18. Internal Anatomy of the Eye The eyeball is consisted of three tunics (coats)  Sclera – outer tunic (white of the eye)  Choroid – middle tunic (has a dark pigment that prevents light from escaping the eye)  Retina – inner tunic (has photoreceptors called rods and cones)

19. Internal Anatomy of the Eye Sclera Choroid Retina

20. Internal Anatomy of the Eye Cornea – Clear membrane that forms the front of the eye Iris – pigmented portion of the eye Pupil – The expanding and contracting opening in the iris through which light passes to the retina Pupil Cornea Iris

21. Internal Anatomy of the Eye Lens – Allows light to reach the retina to focus an image Lens Suspensory ligaments

22. Respiratory System

24. Glottis

25. Urinary System

26. Kidney – Forms and excretes urine Ureter – Tube that connects a kidney to a bladder Bladder – Stores urine