1. Exploration

2. Getting to India Europeans wanted goods from India and East Asia
Prince Henry the Navigator (Portugal) starts school for sailing
Astrolabe and caravel help sailing
Dias sails to tip of Africa, has to turn back (storms)
Vasco de Gama makes it around and to India

3. Columbus
Supported by King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain, but from Italy
1492, Nina, Pinta, Santa Maria
Lands in the Bahamas, thinks it is India, calls the natives “Indians”

4. Columbus cont. Made a total of 4 trips, later ones many problems
Treated NA’s very badly, looking for riches for himself
Abuse, rape, murder, tested weapons on Natives
Died in a prison in Europe still believing he reached Asia

5. Around the World
Balboa hikes across Panama and “discovers” the Pacific
Magellan and crew first to circumnavigate the globe, he dies on trip, horrible conditions

6. The Columbian Exchange
Goods moving to and from Old World (Europe) to New World (N/S America)
Positives (goods, animals) and negatives (diseases)
Write examples each way from chart below

7. Spanish in America
Conquistadors– Spanish explorers looking for gold, glory in the name of God
Hernando Cortes– defeated the Aztecs with only 500 men
Francisco Pizzaro– defeated Incas
Why it was easy:
NA’s thought they were gods and scared of horses
Disease brought wiped out many
Neighboring smaller tribes helped the Spanish
Guns versus spears, bows

8. Hernando de Soto– explores SE US, including NC
Ponce de Leon– searches Florida and SE for the Fountain of Youth founded St. Augustine– 1st permanent Spanish town
Coronado– searched SW US for the 7 Cities of Gold- story told by NA’s

9. Conflict Between Spain & England
Protestant Reformation– revolt against Catholic Church led by Martin Luther
Europe divided: Spain/Catholic (King Phillip) vs. England/Protestant (Queen Elizabeth)

10. English pirates (Sea Dogs) led by Sir Frances Drake attack Spanish ships—starts a war
Spanish Armada sails to battle England, huge storm destroys half fleet, English win and control the seas and colonization