1. Jae-Kyung Kim, Rosta Farzan, and Peter Brusilovsky 10/30/2008 School of Information Science University of Pittsburgh 1BooksOnline'08

2. Introduction  Motivated by The Million Books project Million books, all pages scanned, are available online  What we can do with Million Books? Anytime, anywhere access Federated search Anything else?  Can we create a user experience, which takes an advantage from the unique digital nature of the content? 2BooksOnline'08

3. Our Approach  Inspired by two research streams Annotation and active reading Social navigation  Collaborative annotation Spatial shared annotations, which opens a way to discussions and collaboration  Social group-level navigation support Guiding users to annotations of others Guided users to pages annotated by the community 3BooksOnline'08

4. Spatial Annotation Interface  A Spatial Annotation Interface for Electronic Textbooks build with Million Books approach Staking a space Commenting 4BooksOnline'08

5. Page-level Navigation Support  Visual Cues - annotation background and border  Background Style ○ Background filling Ownership ○ Background color Owner’s attitude  Border style ○ Border color Positiveness ○ Border thickness # of comments ○ Border stroke Public or personal 5BooksOnline'08

6.  Guiding users to most read and most annotated pages  Group-level social wisdom ○ Map Navigation ○ Cell Navigation ○ Page/Annotation Navigation Global Navigation Support 6BooksOnline'08

7. Encouraging Annotation  Annotation-based Social Navigation Support  Easy way for students to go back to resources  Annotated document is visible on all three levels  Distinguish a document with a praised annotation  Group level SNS makes individual annotations visible to the whole group  My Annotations ○ Let users view all annotations at a glance ○ Filtering by book, date, most visited or praised, keyword, etc 7BooksOnline'08

8. My Annotations 8BooksOnline'08

9. Summary  What we can do with Million Books?  Spatial annotations and social navigation for scanned digital textbooks  Treating annotation as community wisdom, encouraging annotations  Used for 2 semesters in a college course  The number of annotations increased dramatically 9BooksOnline'08

10. Thank You! BooksOnline'0810