1. UNIT 9 SEMINAR NS 220 Chapter 11 & 12: Supplements and CAM

2. Overview  Dietary Supplements  DSHEA  Supplement Claims  Domains of CAM  Discussion

3. Dietary Supplements  Product taken by mouth that contains a "dietary ingredient" intended to supplement the diet.  “Dietary Ingredients" may include:  Vitamins, minerals  Herbs or botanicals  Amino acids  Enzymes  Glandulars  Metabolites  Extracts or concentrates

4. DSHEA  Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994  To help ensure that dietary supplements are safe and labels are truthful.  Manufacturer is responsible for ensuring that a dietary supplement is safe before it is marketed; do not have to be preapproved by FDA  FDA is responsible for taking action against any unsafe dietary supplement product after it reaches the market.

5. Supplement Claims  Claims may not be made about using dietary supplements to diagnose, prevent, treat, or cure a specific disease.  Manufacturers may make three types of claims:  Health/disease claims: strong scientific evidence exists that shows relationship; ex) folic acid & reduced risk of neural tube defects  Structure/function claims: ex) vitamin C & scurvy  Nutrient content claims: ex) “excellent source of vitamin C”= 12 mg/serving

6. Domains of CAM 1. Alternative Medical Systems 2. Mind-Body Interventions 3. Biological-Based Therapies 4. Manipulative and Body-Based Methods 5. Energy Therapies

7. Alternative Medical Systems  Belief that body has power to heal itself.  Healing by techniques involving mind, body, spirit.  Examples:  Traditional Chinese Medicine  Ayurvedic  Homeopathy  Naturopathy

8. Mind-Body Interventions  An approach to healing that uses power of thoughts and emotions to positively influence physical health.  Focuses on the interactions among the brain, mind, body, and behavior  Examples:  Relaxation, hypnosis, visual imagery, meditation, yoga, biofeedback, tai chi, cognitive-behavioral therapies, group support, and spirituality.

9. Biological-Based Therapies  Herbs  Vitamins/minerals  Functional Foods  Stanols/sterols: may reduce risk of CHD  Probiotics: may improve GI health  Lycopene: may contribute to maintenance of prostate health  Lutein: may contribute to maintenance of healthy vision  Dietary Supplements

10. Manipulative & Body-Based  Manipulation of movement of 1 or more body part  Chiropractic manipulation  Massage  Reflexology

11. Energy Therapies  Belief that imbalances in the body's energy fields result in illness  Biofield therapies:  Reiki  Acupuncture  Bioelectromagnetic-based therapies:  Magnetic Therapy  Light Therapy

12. Discussion Questions  What concerns do you have about CAM?  What advice would you give someone who is interested in CAM?

13. Resources  National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) http://nccam.nih.gov/ http://nccam.nih.gov/  Office of Dietary Supplements http://www.ods.od.nih.gov/