1. Harcourt 10-11 Theme 3 Whole Group Lesson 12 Day 2 & 3
Materials needed:
-StoryTown book for each student
-Blank Paper for Wed Graphic Organizer or Print Slide # 13

2. Whole Group Reading
Throughout the year, we said we would investigate…

3. do good readers use to help them understand a story?
The BIG Question:
What strategies
do good readers use to help them understand a story?
…the strategies that good readers use to help them understand a story.
We have learned a lot of important strategies so far.
Last week, we learned a new strategy that is especially useful for nonfiction stories.
That strategy was…

4. Use Graphic Organizers
Comprehension Strategy:
Use Graphic Organizers
…using graphic organizers.
Can someone remind us how to use * this strategy?
We learned two important tips for using graphic organizers.
Here was the * first tip.
You must read the text and decide how it is written. We learned about four different nonfiction text structures last week.
Can you name any? (compare/contrast, cause/effect, sequence, description)
Long nonfiction text may include more than one text structure.
Here was the * second tip.
After you determine what the text structure is, you can decide which graphic organizer would work best.
Last week, we also learned about a good graphic organizer to use with each text structure. Let’s see what you remember.
As you read, you should gather information from the text and organize it into a graphic organizer.
* First, you must identify the text structure
(the way the text is organized).
* Then, select the appropriate graphic organizer to keep track of the information.

5. Compare and Contrast Venn Diagram
Text Structure:
Graphic Organizer:
Compare and
Contrast
Venn
Diagram
Rain and snow are both types of precipitation. They both fall to the Earth because of gravity. Rain is liquid water that falls to the Earth, but snow is solid water that falls as crystals. Rain forms when the temperature is above 32ºF, but snow only falls when the temperature is 32ºF or lower.
Here is a short nonfiction text. Can someone read it?
There are some clue words * to help signal what type of text structure the author is using.
What type of text structure would this be an example of? (cause/effect, description, compare/contrast, or sequence) *
What graphic organizer is helpful to use when you are reading a text that has a compare and contrast structure? *
Different
Same
Different

6. Sequence Chart Sequence
Text Structure:
Graphic Organizer:
Sequence
Chart
Sequence
First, a light layer of snow covers the ground. Then the roads start to turn white with snow. Finally, the trees and houses and everything else outside are covered with snow.
Here is another nonfiction text. Can someone read it?
There are some clue words * to help signal what type of text structure the author is using.
What type of text structure would this be an example of? (cause/effect, description, compare/contrast, or sequence) *
We learned that a graphic organizer like * this is useful when you are reading a nonfiction text organized by sequence.
We used this type of graphic organizer to show what we learned about the lost colony of Roanoke.
First
Next
Then

7. Description Web Text Structure: Graphic Organizer:
Snow is one type of precipitation. Snowflakes are small crystals of ice that form in air that is well below 32ºF (0ºC). No two snowflakes have the exact same crystal shape. The crystals grow in size until they are heavy enough to fall to the ground.
Here is another nonfiction text. Can someone read it?
What type of text structure would this be an example of? (cause/effect, description, compare/contrast, or sequence) *
What graphic organizer is helpful to use when you are reading a text that has a description structure? *

8. Cause and Effect Cause and Effect Diagram
Text Structure:
Graphic Organizer:
Cause and
Effect
Cause and Effect
Diagram
Because snow makes the roads slippery, cars and buses drive much slower than normal. As a result, people need more time to get to where they are going, and some people may be late getting to work or school.
Here is one final nonfiction text. Can someone read it?
There are some clue words * to help signal what type of text structure the author is using.
What type of text structure would this be an example of? (cause/effect, description, compare/contrast, or sequence) *
We learned that a graphic organizer like * this is useful when you are reading a nonfiction text organized by cause and effect.
Yesterday, we learned that sometimes, there may be more than one effect to go with a cause.
Then you may need to use a graphic organizer like this one…
Cause
Effect

9. Cause Effect Effect Cause and Effect Chain Graphic Organizer:
…to show more than one effect.
Since our focus this week is on cause and effect, let’s do some more practice with identifying causes and effects and writing them in a graphic organizer.
Cause
Effect
Effect

10. Why do many high mountains have snowy peaks
Why do many high mountains have snowy peaks? Air cools as it rises, so the tops of mountains are much colder than the bases. Mountaintops are likely to be covered in snow and ice.
Would someone like to read the first paragraph of my short story?
I see a clue word in the second sentence that will help me identify cause and effect. Can you find it? *
What might I write for the cause? *
In this paragraph, the cause results in two things.
Can someone find the first effect? *
How about the second effect? *
Cause
Effect
Effect
The tops of the mountains are likely to be covered in snow and ice.
Air cools as it rises.
The tops of the mountains are much cooler than the bases.

11. Snow and ice present challenges for mountain climbers
Snow and ice present challenges for mountain climbers. Therefore, climbers often wear spiked footwear. They also anchor themselves with ropes to the mountain slopes.
Would someone like to read the next paragraph of my short story?
I see a clue word in the second sentence that will help me identify cause and effect. Can you find it? *
Once again, the cause results in two things.
Can someone find the first effect? *
How about the second effect? *
Let’s take a look at the story that we are going to read this week. Find your StoryTown book.
Open to page 316.
Cause
Effect
Effect
Snow and ice present challenges for mountain climbers.
Climbers often wear spiked footwear.
Climbers anchor themselves with ropes to the mountain slopes.

12. What is the title of this story?
Who is the author?
Let’s read about him on page 331. (read)
What genre is our story?
Can someone remind us about this genre? (read)
Skim through the story. Can you find some examples of headings?
Obviously, in this story, you’ll learn facts about a landform known as mountains.
I want you to think about all the things you already know about…

13. Mountains
mountains.
What graphic organizer would be good to use to show all the information we know about mountains? *
Work with a partner and create a web showing the details you know about mountains.
(share answers and make a big web on the board – be sure to include…
-huge, tall landforms
-higher than land around them
-tops are colder than slopes
-many have snowy peaks
-found on every continent
-come in different shapes and sizes
-slowly change over time
Let’s go back to page 316.

14. Can someone remind us of the comprehension strategy we can use as we read?
Good readers set a purpose for reading. Tell your partner something you want to find out as you read this story.
(Read and discuss the story over the next two days (Tuesday and Wednesday) – make graphic organizers with students if you wish)