1. The Integration of Smartboards in the ESL English Language Instruction
Can the smartboard help to increase ESL students verbal communications and interaction skills?
Can the smartboard help to decrease ESL students’ performance anxiety?
By: Eileen Blair

2. Table of Contents Research Design……………………………..Slide 3
Threats to Internal Validity………………….Slide 4
Threats to External Validity…………………Slide 5
Proposed Data………………………………..Slide 6
Pre-Test/ Post-Test Results…………………..Slide 7
Student Surveys…………………………..…..Slide 8
Proposed Data Analysis
and Correlation……………………….Slide 9-11
References………………………………..….Slide 12

3. Research Design Research Design: Pre-Experimental Design
One Group: One designated treatment group (X1)
No Control group
Individuals are not randomly assigned. Individuals are from an ESL 6th grade classroom.
One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design:
Single group is pretested (O), exposed to a treatment (X), and post-tested (O).
Symbolic Design: OXO
(The entire class of 20 students is included in this research design)

4. Threats To Internal Validity
History
Instrumentation
Maturation
Mortality
Statistical Regression
Differential –Selection of Students
Selection-Maturation Interaction

5. Threats to External Validity
Ecological Validity
Generalizable Conditions
Selection-Treatment Interaction
Specificity of Variables
Multiple Treatment
Treatment Diffusion
Experimenter Effects
Reactive Arrangement/Participant Effects- Novelty Effects

6. Proposed Data
Pretest and Posttest: Teacher rates each student on a number of variables before and after “treatment.” Pretest and Posttest are identical.
Student Survey: Students take survey after Smartboard instruction is completed, to further understand their opinion on Smartboard learning.

7. Pre-test and Post-test Results: The Mean

8. Pre-Test Ratings:

9. Post – Test Ratings:

10. Increase/ Decrease from Pre-test to Post-Test:

11. Example of Survey Questions

12. Proposed Data Analysis and Correlation
.rxy = 0.702

13. Proposed Data Analysis and Correlation
.rxy =
-0.649

14. Proposed Data Analysis and Correlation
.rxy =

15. References
O’Connor-Petruso, S. (2012). Descriptive Statistics Threats to Validity [PowerPoint slides]. Retrieved from