1. Bell Quiz: Use pages 528-535 1. In what book did Hitler set forth the basic beliefs of Nazism? 2. What Chinese province did Japan seize control of in 1931? 3. When did Hitler pull Germany out of the League of Nations? 4. What African country did Italy invade in 1935? 5. Who led the rebellion against the Spanish republic?

2. Answers 1. Mein Kampf 2. Manchuria 3. 1933 4. Ethiopia 5. Francisco Franco

3. Objectives Identify the types of governments that took power in Germany, and Japan after World War I. Identify the types of governments that took power in Germany, and Japan after World War I. Describe the details of America’s turn to isolationism in the 1930s. Describe the details of America’s turn to isolationism in the 1930s.

4. Dictators Handout

5. Appeasement Appeasement=giving someone something they want in order to keep the peace. Appeasement=giving someone something they want in order to keep the peace. The League of Nations is more concerned with the worldwide Great Depression than with Hitler, Mussolini, Stalin or Tojo invading other countries. The League of Nations is more concerned with the worldwide Great Depression than with Hitler, Mussolini, Stalin or Tojo invading other countries. The League of Nations give these dictators what they want in order to avoid another World War. The League of Nations give these dictators what they want in order to avoid another World War.

6. Great Purge 1934-38 Great Purge 1934-38: the political repression and persecution in the Soviet Union that was orchestrated by Joseph Stalin during the 1930s, Great Purge 1934-38: the political repression and persecution in the Soviet Union that was orchestrated by Joseph Stalin during the 1930s, The Great Purge removed all of Stalin’s remaining opposition from power. The Great Purge removed all of Stalin’s remaining opposition from power. Best estimate of deaths brought about by Soviet Repression during these years range between 950,000 to 1.2 million. Best estimate of deaths brought about by Soviet Repression during these years range between 950,000 to 1.2 million.

7. Adolf Hitler At the end of WWI Hitler was a jobless soldier drifting around Germany. At the end of WWI Hitler was a jobless soldier drifting around Germany. 1919 Hitler joined the National Socialist German Workers’ party (Nazi Party). 1919 Hitler joined the National Socialist German Workers’ party (Nazi Party). Hitler quickly became the leader of the Nazi party because of his abilities as a powerful public speaker and organizer. Hitler quickly became the leader of the Nazi party because of his abilities as a powerful public speaker and organizer. Hitler promised to bring Germany out of chaos. Hitler promised to bring Germany out of chaos.

8. Nazism In his book Mein Kampf (My Struggle), Hitler set forth the basic beliefs of Nazism. In his book Mein Kampf (My Struggle), Hitler set forth the basic beliefs of Nazism. Nazism was the plan of action for the Nazi Party. Nazism was the plan of action for the Nazi Party. Nazism was very similar to Fascism in Italy. Nazism was very similar to Fascism in Italy. Nazism was based on extreme nationalism. Nazism was based on extreme nationalism. National expansion was another element of Nazism. National expansion was another element of Nazism.

9. Nazism Hitler wanted to unite all German- speaking people in a great German empire. Hitler wanted to unite all German- speaking people in a great German empire. Hitler wanted to enforce racial “purification”. Hitler wanted to enforce racial “purification”. In his views Germans – especially blue-eyed, blond-haired “Aryans” formed the “master race” or the ideal German, destined to rule the world.In his views Germans – especially blue-eyed, blond-haired “Aryans” formed the “master race” or the ideal German, destined to rule the world. Jews, Slavs, and all nonwhites were deemed “inferior races” and should be eliminated. Jews, Slavs, and all nonwhites were deemed “inferior races” and should be eliminated.

10. Nazi Takeover in Germany The Great Depression helped the Nazis come to power. The Great Depression helped the Nazis come to power. By 1932 roughly 6 million Germans were unemployed. By 1932 roughly 6 million Germans were unemployed. Many unemployed men joined Hitler’s private army, the Storm Troopers. Many unemployed men joined Hitler’s private army, the Storm Troopers. Out of desperation the German people turned to Hitler and Nazism as their last hope. Out of desperation the German people turned to Hitler and Nazism as their last hope. By the end of 1932 The Nazis had become the strongest political party in Germany. By the end of 1932 The Nazis had become the strongest political party in Germany. In January 1933, Hitler was appointed chancellor of Germany. In January 1933, Hitler was appointed chancellor of Germany. Once in power Hitler dismantled the Weimar Republic. Once in power Hitler dismantled the Weimar Republic. In its place Hitler established the Third Reich (the Third German Empire). In its place Hitler established the Third Reich (the Third German Empire).

11. The Faces of Totalitarianism Fascist Italy Extreme nationalism Militaristic expansionism Charismatic leader Private property with strong government controls Anticommunist Nazi Germany Extreme Nationalism and racism Militaristic expansionism Forceful leader Private property with strong government controls Anticommunist Communist Soviet Union Create a sound communist state and wait for world revolution Revolution by workers Eventual rule by working class State ownership of property

12. Japan Nationalistic military leaders (militarists) in Japan were trying to take control of the imperial government. Nationalistic military leaders (militarists) in Japan were trying to take control of the imperial government. These leaders were interested in expanding Japans boarders to provide more living space for the growing Japanese population. These leaders were interested in expanding Japans boarders to provide more living space for the growing Japanese population. 1931 the militarists launched a surprise attack on China. 1931 the militarists launched a surprise attack on China. The militarists quickly seized control of the Chinese province of Manchuria. The militarists quickly seized control of the Chinese province of Manchuria. The League of Nations condemned Japans actions. The League of Nations condemned Japans actions. In response Japan quit the League of Nations. In response Japan quit the League of Nations. The successful invasion of Manchuria put the militarists firmly in control of Japan’s government. The successful invasion of Manchuria put the militarists firmly in control of Japan’s government.

13. Events Leading to War 1933, Hitler pulled Germany out of the League of Nations. 1933, Hitler pulled Germany out of the League of Nations. 1935, Hitler began a military build up in direct violation of the Treaty of Versailles. 1935, Hitler began a military build up in direct violation of the Treaty of Versailles. Hitler sent troops into the Rhineland Hitler sent troops into the Rhineland A German region bordering France and Belgium that was demilitarized as a result of the Treaty of Versailles.A German region bordering France and Belgium that was demilitarized as a result of the Treaty of Versailles. The League of Nation did nothing to stop Hitler. The League of Nation did nothing to stop Hitler. Rome-Berlin Axis Pact: the formal alliance between Italy and Germany signed on October 25, 1936. Rome-Berlin Axis Pact: the formal alliance between Italy and Germany signed on October 25, 1936.

14. Invasion of Ethiopia To help build his new Roman Empire, Mussolini invaded Ethiopia, one of the few remaining independent African countries. To help build his new Roman Empire, Mussolini invaded Ethiopia, one of the few remaining independent African countries. 1935, tens of thousands of Italian soldiers advance into Ethiopia. 1935, tens of thousands of Italian soldiers advance into Ethiopia. The League of Nations responded with an ineffective economic boycott. The League of Nations responded with an ineffective economic boycott. By May 1936, Ethiopia was completely under Italian control. By May 1936, Ethiopia was completely under Italian control.

15. Spain turns Fascist (1936) 1936, Francisco Franco, leads a group of Spanish army officers in a rebellion against the Spanish republic, beginning the Spanish Civil War. 1936, Francisco Franco, leads a group of Spanish army officers in a rebellion against the Spanish republic, beginning the Spanish Civil War. The Western democracies remained neutral and Franco won the war. The Western democracies remained neutral and Franco won the war. In 1939, Spain is established as a totalitarian fascist government under the control of Dictator Francisco Franco. In 1939, Spain is established as a totalitarian fascist government under the control of Dictator Francisco Franco.

16. Americans Cling to Isolationism Isolationism impacted Presidents Roosevelt’s foreign policy. Isolationism impacted Presidents Roosevelt’s foreign policy. 1933 U.S. officially recognized the Soviet Union and exchanged ambassadors.1933 U.S. officially recognized the Soviet Union and exchanged ambassadors. Policy of nonintervention in Latin America/withdrew armed forces stationed there.Policy of nonintervention in Latin America/withdrew armed forces stationed there. Reciprocal trade Agreement Act: lowered trade barriers by giving the president the power to make trade agreements with other nations.Reciprocal trade Agreement Act: lowered trade barriers by giving the president the power to make trade agreements with other nations. 1935 Congress passed a series of Neutrality Acts in an effort to keep the U.S. out of future wars. 1935 Congress passed a series of Neutrality Acts in an effort to keep the U.S. out of future wars. The acts outlawed arms sales or loans to nations at war or nations engaged in civil war. The acts outlawed arms sales or loans to nations at war or nations engaged in civil war.

17. Neutrality Breaks Down President Roosevelt found it impossible to remain neutral. President Roosevelt found it impossible to remain neutral. President Roosevelt found ways around Neutrality. President Roosevelt found ways around Neutrality. In July 1937 Japan launched a new attack on China.In July 1937 Japan launched a new attack on China. Japan had not formally declared war against China.Japan had not formally declared war against China. Roosevelt claimed there was no need to enforce the Neutrality Acts.Roosevelt claimed there was no need to enforce the Neutrality Acts. The United States continued sending arms and supplies to China. The United States continued sending arms and supplies to China.

18. Review What types of governments took power in Germany, and Japan after World War I? What types of governments took power in Germany, and Japan after World War I? Describe the details of America’s turn to isolationism in the 1930s. Describe the details of America’s turn to isolationism in the 1930s.