1. Respiration How does respiration work??

2. Define: CELLULAR RESPIRATION ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION AEROBIC RESPRIATION ANAEROBE AEROBE

3. Has no respiratory system !

4. Cell Energy Energy is essential for life –Active transport, cell division, flagella movement, protein production Some capture energy from light or chemicals –Autotrophs Others eat those that capture energy –heterotrophs

5. So Where Is Energy Found? Energy is stored in chemical bonds of ATP –Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Adenosine molecule with three phosphate groups Energy carrier molecule of the cell

6. Question…? How do you release the energy stored in the bonds?

7. Answer Break the bond!

8. Energy is Stored in the BOND!

9. Forming and Breaking Down ATP Adenosine monophosphate (AMP) Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) ATP  ADP + P + Energy Energy + P + ADP  ATP

10. What is Cellular Respiration? The release of chemical energy for use by cells. Once the energy that was in sunlight is changed into chemical energy by photosynthesis, an organism has to transform the chemical energy into a a form that can be used by the organism. This process is cellular respiration.

11. Describe Cellular Respiration 1. The breakdown of glucose molecules to release energy 2. Takes place in all living things 3. Is a step by step process

12. What is the chemical equation for cellular respiration?

13. EQUATION FOR RESPIRATION C 6 H 12 O 6 + GLUCOSE 6O 2 OXYGEN 6CO 2 + CARBON DIOXIDE 6H 2 O + ENERGY WATER ATP

14. Cellular Respiration Process by which mitochondria break down food molecules to produce ATP Three Stages –Glycolysis – Anaerobic –Citric Acid Cycle – Aerobic –Electron Transport Chain - Aerobic

15. Glycolysis Glucose gets broken into two three carbon pyruvic acids 2 ATP used to start this reaction Reaction produces 4 ATP Net gain = 2 ATP NAD+ = electron carrier = NADH when it accepts two electrons

16. Pyruvic molecules move into Mitochondria IF OXYGEN IS PRESENT then the Citric Acid cycle takes place –Pyruvic acid loses one carbon (CO 2 ) –Combines with Coenzyme A to create Acetyl-CoA

17. Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs)

18. Electron Transport Chain

19. Fermentation Times when there is not enough oxygen to do Citric Acid Cycle Net Gain = 2 ATP Two major types –Lactic Acid –Alcoholic

20. Respiration CYTOPLASM GLYCOLOSIS HAPPENS HERE! MITOCHONDRIA RESPIRATION HAPPENS IN THIS ORGANELLE! PROTEINSCARBO’S(SUGARS) AMINOACIDS FATS(LIPIDS) GLUCOSE C 6 H 12 O 6 ACETYL-CoA PYRUVICACID GLYCOLOSIS IN CYTOPLASM NO OXYGEN! KREBS CYCLE AND ANDELECTRONTANSPORT MAKES 34 ATPS MAKES 2 ATPS O 2 ENTERS HERE CO 2 IS RELEASED ATP TOTALS GLYCOLOSIS=2RESPIRATION=34BOTH=36!

21. The End