1. Aim: Why is the coordinate system important? Kickoff: Write down everything you know about Latitude: Longitude: Equator:

2. 72° W 73° W 74° W 75° W 76° W 77° W 78° W 79° W 80° W 81° W 42° N 43° N 44° N 43° N 44° N 45° N 46° N 47° N 48° N 49° N Can you Sink my Battleship? Aircraft Carrier Destroyer Battleship Cruiser Submarine Can you Sink my Cruiser?

3. How do you describe a coordinate system? Coordinate system: is a system that uses a grid of imaginary lines to locate any position on earth (Latitude and Longitude) Compass

4. How do we define lines of latitude? Lines of Latitude: distance in degrees north or south of the equator 0º (reference line) –Also called parallels (lines that never touch) Equator separates the northern and southern hemisphere Run east to west but are labeled North or South Measure from 90ºN to 0º to 90ºS Latitude “Fatitude”

5. Identify the important Lines of Latitude Equator = 0º North Pole = 90ºN South Pole = 90ºS Tropic of Cancer = 23.5ºN Tropic of Capricorn = 23.5ºS Arctic Circle = 66.5ºN Antarctic Circle = 66.5ºS

6. How do we label latitude points? Label The following points of latitude: A: B: C: 30ºN 60ºS 15ºN Which two points are on the same latitude? Latitude Points A and E are on the same latitude at 30ºN

7. How do we define lines of longitude? Lines of Longitude: distance in degrees east or west of the Prime Meridian (GMT) (reference line) –Prime Meridian (0º) - passes through Greenwich, England –Longitude lines are also called Meridians (meet at the poles) Run north to south but are labeled East or West Range from 0º – 180º Lines of Longitude are 15º apart

8. How do we label lines of longitude? Prime Meridian = 0º 15ºW 30ºW 45ºW 60ºW 15ºE 30ºE 45ºE 60ºE International Date Line – 180º Zig-Zag line (jagged line) 180ºE 180ºW One day ahead of west One day behind east

10. How do we label longitude points? Label The following points of longitude: A: B: C: 30ºW 45ºW 30ºE Which two points are on the same longitude? Longitude Points D and E are on the same longitude at 0º

11. Longitude and Latitude are measured in angular units: degrees ( o ) and minutes (‘) o There are 60 minutes in a degree

12. How does the captain teach his crew where they’re going and how long they have?

13. How to locate Polaris? Locate the Big Dipper The pointer stars of the Big Dipper, will point straight to the Little Dipper’s handle. The first star on the little dipper handle is Polaris (north star). Pointer Stars Big Dipper Little Dipper

14. How is Polaris viewed from Earth? Altitude – how high in the sky (the height of a star) Sextant / Astrolabe – device used to find the altitude of star. Polaris altitude equals your latitude! From the Equator to the North Pole: From the North Pole to the Equator: As Latitude decreases, Altitude of Polaris decreases As Latitude increases, Altitude of Polaris increases A to B: Latitude stays the same, Polaris stays the same

15. Latitude Polaris- the North Star- is located directly over the North Pole. The angle of Polaris above the horizon is the same as the latitude of that point.

16. How does Polaris equal Latitude for New York? Big Dipper Polaris Pointer Stars 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 0 Latitude NY = 42ºN Polaris Altitude = 42º Little Dipper Horizon 43°

17. Determine the Altitude of Polaris at Tampa, Florida? Polaris Latitude Tampa = 30ºN Polaris Altitude = 30º 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 0 Horizon

18. Determine the Altitude of Polaris at the Equator? Latitude Equator = 0º Polaris Altitude = 0º 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 0 Polaris Equator: Polaris is at the horizon!

19. Practice Regents Question:

20. Latitude and Longitude Summary Activity

21. Determine the latitude and longitude of the following letters LetterLatitudeLongitude G D Determine the Letter by using the following latitude and longitude coordinate LetterLatitudeLongitude 0º0º 150 º W 15 º S75 º E 30ºS0º 15ºN45ºW E H

22. Extra Summary Questions 1. Why is the coordinate system important?

23. Identify the important Lines of Latitude