1. Learning Goal: Important molecules to life  Carbohydrates  Lipids  Proteins  Nucleic Acids  Water  ATP Gives energy Stores energy Key processes in body; rxns Stores Genetic Information SMEBR Energy maker

2. SMEBR  S = SOLVENT  Water = universal solvent  Key dissolver for ionic compounds (salts) and sugars, amino acids and proteins  Transports ions in/out of cell https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xdedxfhc pWo

3. SMEBR  M = Makes Bonds  Polarity – uneven distribution of electrons  Hydrogen bonds  Not as strong  Cohesion (same)  Adhesion (different)

4. SMEBR  E = Environment  71% of Earth is water  60% human is water  3 days without water = death

5. SMEBR  B = Buffer for temperature  Can absorb or contain heat In chemical reactions

6. SMEBR  R = Reactions  Essential in chemical reactions  Reactant or Product  Photosynthesis  Respiration  Glycolysis (processing energy)

7. Why is water so important?  Recall with your neighbor what SMEBR stands for:

8. Cell Theory – How did cells get discovered?  Anton Van Leewenwook  Robert Hooke  The Wacky History of Cell Theory The Wacky History of Cell Theory  What are the 3 key ideas of cell theory?

9. Cell Theory – How did cells get discovered?  The Wacky History of Cell Theory The Wacky History of Cell Theory  What are the 3 key ideas of cell theory? 1.All organisms are composed 1 or more cells 2.Basic unit of organization for living things 3.All cells come from pre-existing cells

10. Cell Organelles  http://www.shellyssciencespot.co m/Worksheets/Cell/Organelles.pd f http://www.shellyssciencespot.co m/Worksheets/Cell/Organelles.pd f

11. Two types:  Prokaryotes  Bacteria, small organisms  No nucleus  Eukaryotes  More complex organisms  Has a nucleus

12. Eukaryotic Cells – Discuss with table to determine 3 similarities & 3 differences PLANT CELLS ANIMAL CELLS

13. Cell Organelles  Chapter 7.2 Eukaryotic Cells

14. Cell Wall  Only found surrounding plant, fungal and bacterial cells  Made of cellulose  It’s rigid and stiff  Provides support and protection for the cell  It’s like the wall that surrounds a city

15. Cell Membrane  Surrounds all cells  In a plant cell, it’s beneath the cell wall  In animal cells, it’s the outer boundary (made of cholesterol)  Gives the cell  Protection  Controls the movement of material in/out of the cell  Gives support  Maintains conditions of the cell  Similar to the border patrol of a country

16. Nucleus  Found in plant and animal cells  Centrally located in the cell  Controls cell activities  Contains the genetic information (DNA)  It’s like the control center

17. Cytoplasm  Found in all cells  Clear, thick, gelatinous material  Located beneath the cell membrane  Supports and protects cell organelles

18. Golgi Apparatus  Found in plant and animal cells  Looks like a flattened stack of membranes  Processes and packages molecules such the carbon compounds to be transferred throughout the cell  It’s similar to a Post Office

19. Ribosomes  Found in all cells  Can be small individual molecules or attached to the E.R.  Synthesizes proteins  Smallest organelles  It’s like the brick yard that supplies the city with the necessary materials needed

20. Endoplasmic Reticulum  Found in plant and animal cells  Arrangement of a reticulum flattened sheets  Transports materials throughout the cell  Two types  Smooth (no ribosomes)  Rough (lined with ribosomes)  It’s similar to a highway

21. Mitochondria  Found in plant and animal cells  Football shaped with membranes within  Breaks down sugar molecules to create ATP  It’s similar to a power plant

22. Vacuoles  Found in plant and animal cells  Plants: very large and only a few  Animals: small and numerous  Store food, water and waste  It’s similar to a storage unit or warehouse

23. Lysosomes  Found in animal and some plant cells  Small and round shaped  Breaks down molecules to be used for other things  Breaks down old cell parts  It’s similar to a recycling center

24. Chloroplasts  Found in plant cells and some bacteria  Oval shaped  Green color due to the chlorophyll  Takes in energy from the sun to create sugar that is processed as food  It’s similar to solar panels on a building

25. Quiz Yourself!  Go to the following webpage to quiz yourself on the structures in the cell and the function:  http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/cell_model.htm http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/cell_model.htm