1. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 1 Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: [PSWF-based SSA Pulse Wavelets and Ternary Complementary Sets for DS- UWB ] Date Submitted: [13 September, 2004] Source: [(1) Honggang Zhang, (1) Imrich Chlamtac, (2) Chihong Cho, and (2) Masao Nakagawa ] Company [ (1) Create-Net, (2) Keio University ] Connector’s Address [Via Solteri, 38, 38100 Trento, ITALY] Voice:[+39-0461-828584 ], FAX: [+39-0461-421157 ], E-Mail: ［ honggang.zhang@create-net.it, imrich.chlamtac@create-net.it, cho@nkgw.ics.keio.ac.jp, nakagawa@nkgw.ics.keio.ac.jp ] Re: [IEEE P802.15 Alternative PHY Call For Proposals, IEEE P802.15-02/327r7] Abstract:[In order to realize scalable data rate transmission for IEEE 802.15.3a UWB WPAN, PSWF-based SSA pulse wavelets and ternary complementary sets are investigated for DS-UWB. ] Purpose:[For investigating the characteristics of High Rate Alternative PHY standard in 802.15TG3a based on the PSWF-type SSA pulse wavelets and ternary complementary sets. ] Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15.

2. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 2 PSWF-based SSA Pulse Wavelets and Ternary Complementary Sets for DS-UWB Honggang ZHANG, Imrich CHLAMTAC Create-Net, Italy Chihong CHO, Masao NAKAGAWA Keio University, Japan

3. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 3 Outline of presentation 1.Overview of previous improvements in DS-UWB 2.PSWF-type SSA pulse wavelets for DS-UWB 3.Ternary complementary sets for DS-UWB 4.Improving DS-UWB by combining PSWF-type SSA pulse wavelets with ternary complementary sets 5. Conclusion remarks 6. Backup materials

4. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 4 CREATE-NET

5. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 5 Create-Net in Trento, Italy

6. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 6 1. Overview of previous improvements in DS-UWB Support for much higher data rates –BPSK modulation using variable length spreading codes At same time, much lower complexity and power –Essential for mobile & handheld applications –Digital complexity is 1/3 of previous estimates, yet provides good performance at long range and high rates at short range Harmonization & interoperability with MB-OFDM through the Common Signaling Mode (CSM) –A single multi-mode PHY with both DS-UWB and MB-OFDM –Best advantages of both approaches with most flexibility

7. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 7 DS-UWB operating bands & SOP Each piconet operates in one of two bands –Low band (below U-NII, 3.1 to 4.9 GHz) –High band (optional, above U-NII, 6.2 to 9.7 GHz) Support for multiple piconets –Classic spread spectrum approach –Acquisition uses unique length-24 spreading codes –Chipping rate offsets to minimize cross-correlation 34567891011 Low Band 34567891011 High Band GHz

8. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 8 2. PSWF-type SSA pulse wavelets for DS-UWB N division

9. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 9 Designing PSWF-based SSA pulse wavelets  Not just trying to construct a pulse waveform in order to satisfy the FCC spectral mask, on the contrary, first starting from considering a required spectral mask in frequency domain (band-limited), and then finding its corresponding pulse waveform in time domain (time-limited).  Just as C. E. Shannon has asked a question once upon a time, “To what extent are the functions which confined to a finite bandwidth also concentrated in the time domain? ”, which has given rise to the discovery and usage of Prolate Spheroidal Wave Functions (PSWF) in the sixties.  Designing a time-limited & band-limited pulse waveform is extremely important in UWB system. Prolate Spheroidal Wave Functions (PSWF)

10. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 10  Pulse waveforms are doubly orthogonal to each other.  Pulse-width and bandwidth can be simultaneously controlled to match with arbitrary spectral mask adaptively.  Pulse-width can be kept same for all orders of m.  Pulse bandwidth is same for all orders of m.  They can be utilized for simple transceiver implementation since frequency shift, e.g., up-conversion or down- conversion with mixer as in former MB-OFDM and DS-UWB of IEEE 802.15.3a is no longer necessary. Features of PSWF-based pulse wavelets

11. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 11 Orthogonal PSWF-based SSA pulse wavelets (3.1-5.6 GHz, order of 1, 2, 3 and 4) 3124567891011 f 5 GHz W-LAN Power (dB)

12. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 12 4488 39603432 31005100 Frequency (MHz) 0 -3 -20 3.120GHz 572MHz 4.264GHz 572MHz 3.692GHz 4.836GHz 572MHz 3.120GHz 572MHz 4.836GHz 3.960GHz Improving Common Signaling Mode (CSM) based on PSWF-type SSA pulse wavelets 4.836GH z 3.692GHz3.120GHz 4.264GHz 1 2 3 1+2 2+3 1 3

13. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 13 Orthogonal PSWF pulse wavelet generation (3.120-4.264 GHz, order of 1, 2, 3 and 4)

14. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 14 Orthogonal PSWF pulse wavelet generation (3.692-4.836 GHz, order of 1, 2, 3 and 4)

15. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 15 Dual-band PSWF pulse wavelet generation (3.120-3.692 GHz, 4.264-4.836 GHz)

16. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 16 3. Ternary complementary sets for DS-UWB Symbol duration Chip duration PSWF-type SSA pulses Ternary complementary set Reference: Di Wu, P. Spasojevic, and Ivan Seskar, “Ternary complementary sets for orthogonal pulse based UWB,” 37 th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers, Nov. 9-12, 2003.

17. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 17 Design ternary complementary sets

18. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 18 Design ternary MO (mutually orthogonal) complementary sets

19. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 19 Design ternary MO complementary sets (cont.)

20. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 20 Design ternary MO complementary sets (cont.)

21. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 21 BER vs. Eb/No (CM1, multi-users: 4)

22. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 22 BER vs. Eb/No (CM1, multi-users: 8)

23. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 23 4. Improve DS-UWB utilizing PSWF-type SSA pulse wavelets and ternary complementary sets DS-UWB scaling to higher rates There is significant interest in “cable replacement” applications that require high speed operation (480+ Mbps) at short range Current DS-UWB operation at 500 Mbps uses L=2 code & ¾ FEC –Complexity is similar DS-UWB receiver for 110 & 220 Mbps –Same ADC bit widths & clock rates –Same rake bit width & complexity –Fewer Rake taps available (only 2/3 as many as for 220 Mbps) –Viterbi decoder for k=6, rate ¾ likely 2x gates  45k gate increase Current operation at 660 Mbps also supported with un-coded operation –4.9 m range in fully impaired AWGN simulation –Eliminates requirement for high speed Viterbi decoder

24. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 24 DS-UWB signal generation Transmitter blocks required to support optional modes Scrambler K=6 FEC Encoder Conv. Bit Interleaver Input Data K=4 FEC Encoder 4-BOK Mapper Bit-to-Code Mapping Pulse Shaping Center Frequency Gray or Natural mapping Data scrambler using 15-bit LFSR (same as 802.15.3) Constraint-length k=6 convolutional code K=4 encoder can be used for lower complexity at high rates or to support iterative decoding for enhanced performance. Convolutional bit interleaver protects against burst errors Variable length codes provide scalable data rates using BPSK Support for optional 4-BOK modes with little added complexity

25. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 25 Data rates supported by DS-UWB (low-band) Data RateFEC RateCode LengthRange (AWGN) 28 Mbps*½2435 m 55 Mbps½1227 m 110 Mbps*½622.2 m 220 Mbps*½316.2 m 500 Mbps¾27.5 m 660 Mbps124.7 m 1000 Mbps¾14.8 m 1320 Mbps113.3 m Similar modes have defined for high band

26. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 26 High data rate applications Critical for cable replacement applications such as wireless USB (480 Mbps) and Wireless 1394 (400 Mbps) High rate device supporting 480+ Mbps –DS-UWB device uses shorter codes (L=2, symbol rate 660 MHz) Uses same ADC rate & bit width (3 bits) and rake tap bit widths Rake combining: use fewer taps at a higher rate or same taps with extra gates Viterbi decoder complexity is ~2x the baseline k=6 decoder Can operate at 660 Mbps without Viterbi decoder for super low power

27. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 27 5. Conclusion remarks  PSWF-type pulse wavelets have been proposed for improving DS-UWB performance.  We also have analyzed the ternary MO complementary code sets for DS-UWB with higher data rate.  Scalable and adaptive performance improvement can be expected by utilizing the PSWF-based SSA-UWB and ternary MO complementary sets.

28. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 28 6. Background materials

29. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 29 Design PSWF-based SSA pulse wavelets N division

30. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 30 Realization of SSA-UWB pulse wavelet design  Not just trying to construct a pulse waveform in order to satisfy the FCC spectral mask, on the contrary, first starting from considering a required spectral mask in frequency domain (band-limited), and then finding its corresponding pulse waveform in time domain (time-limited).  Just as C. E. Shannon has asked a question once upon a time, “To what extent are the functions which confined to a finite bandwidth also concentrated in the time domain?”, which has given rise to the discovery and usage of Prolate Spheroidal Wave Functions (PSWF) in the sixties.  Designing a time-limited & band-limited pulse waveform is extremely important in UWB system. Prolate Spheroidal Wave Functions (PSWF)

31. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 31 Designing method of optimized SSA-UWB wavelets using PSWF Power Spectrum 3 1 2 456 7 891011 f [GHz] 5 GHz W-LAN

32. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 32 Designing method of optimized SSA-UWB wavelets using PSWF (cont.)

33. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 33 What’s Prolate Spheroidal Wave Functions (PSWF)?

34. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 34 Pulse waveforms are doubly orthogonal to each other. Pulse-width and bandwidth can be simultaneously controlled to match with arbitrary spectral mask adaptively. Pulse-width can be kept same for all orders of m. Pulse bandwidth is same for all orders of m. They can be utilized for simple transceiver implementation since frequency shift, e.g., up-conversion or down- conversion with mixer as in MB-OFDM and DS-UWB of IEEE 802.15.3a is no longer necessary. Characteristics of PSWF-based pulse wavelets

35. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 35 Numerical solution of PSWF

36. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 36 Discrete-time solution of Prolate Spheroidal Wave Functions (PSWF) with eigenvalue decomposition Numerical solution of PSWF (cont.)

37. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 37 Power Spectrum 3 1 2 456 7 891011 f [GHz] 5 GHz W-LAN Orthogonal pulse waveform generation based on PSWF (3.1-10.6 GHz, order of 1, 2 and 3).

38. doc.: IEEE 802.15-04/0499r0 Submission September 2004 Honggang ZHANG, Create-NetSlide 38 Orthogonal pulse waveform generation based on PSWF (3.1-5.6 GHz, order of 1, 2, 3 and 4). -1.5-0.500.511.5 x 10 -9 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 Optimized pulse waveform generation based on PSWF Time (second) Relative Amplitude ___ order of 1 …... order of 2 -1.5-0.500.511.5 x 10 -9 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 Optimized pulse waveform generation based on PSWF Time (second) Relative Amplitude ___ order of 3 …... order of 4