1. MIGRANT STUDIES Ronald E. LaPorte, Ph.D. Director, Disease Monitoring and Telecommunications WHO Collaborating Center, Professor of Epidemiology

2. Questions What is a Migrant Study? How do Migrant Studies differ from Admixture Studies? What is the future for Admixture and Migrant Studies?

3. Migrants pilgrim refugee conquerors displaced people

4. Migrant Studies Studies taking advantage of migration to one country by those from other countries with different physical and biological environments, cultural background and/or genetic makeup, and different morbidity or mortality experience.

5. From (KOFF) 1967 PITTSBURGH

6. Growth of Racial/Ethnic Groups in U.S.A. Percent

7. The migration of human population provides a tool for the study of the respective roles of host and environmental factors in the development of disease.

8. Rise and Fall of Migrant Studies

9. Migratory Patterns Jan Dorman Ireland,1817 Germany,1920 Poland, 1900

10. Migration Patterns Trevor Orchard England, 1979

11. Migratory Pattern Ron LaPorte France, 1819 Germany, 1880 Quebec, 1820 Buffolo,NY Pittsburgh,PA

12. 1993 Refugees to U.S. Former Soviet Union 52,000 East Asia 52,000 South East Asia 7,000 Africa 7,800 Latin America 3,500 Eastern Europe,1,500

13. MIAMI HAVANA 1970s 1950s

14. Migrant Studies Source Population Migrant Pop Host Population

15. Incidence of Disease X in source, host, and migrant populations Environmental etiology

16. Incidence of Disease X in source, host, and migrant populations Genetic etiology

17. Migrants are almost never representative of their native populations

18. Existing Migrant Data

19. Some example of IDDM incidence per 100000 Chinese 7(Shanhai) 3(Hawaia) Japanese 2 (some areas) 3 (Hawaia) Jewish 6 (Israel) 15 (Canada) Mexican 1(Some areas) 10 (Colorado) Source Migrant

20. Differences in Incidence, Migration vs Geographic Variation

21. Questions What is a Migrant Study? How do Migrant Studies differ from Admixture Studies? What is the future for Admixture and Migrant Studies?

22. Admixture studies Hybrid populations Parent population 1 H1 H2 H3 Parent population 2

23. Incidence of Diseases X in source and hybrid populations

24. Correlation of Incidence of Disease X and admixture proportion Admixture proportion Incidence A BC D E F GH I

25. Migration Time Line 1st Generation Environmental “Shower” Genetic Change 3rd Generation 2nd Generation Cultural Change Climate Viruses Showers Culture Genetics Full Assimilation

26. Migration Time Line 1st Generation Environmental “Shower” Genetic Change 3rd Generation2nd Generation Cultural Change Beginning Loss of Language Changes in Diet

27. IDDM in Asian Populations Ten fold Difference

28. Questions What is a Migrant Study? How do Migrant Studies differ from Admixture Studies? What is the future for Admixture and Migrant Studies?

29. Heritage Research: The Next Generation of Migrant Studies

30. Heritage studies Genetic factors Parent population 1 H1 H2 H3 Environmental Factors

31. IDDM Incidence in Latin America Incidence per 100 000

32. SPAIN NORTH and SOUTH AMERICA Iberian - heritage collaboration