1. Electricity and Electronics

2. Sepperated into TWO groups Electricity – It is the ongoing flow of electrons. Electronica – It is the Science of how we control the electrons.

3. Electricity Electricity is a form of energy where the electrons of atoms move along a conductor. A conductor is a material that conducts electricity, for example copper wire. Ther are TWO kinds of electrical current: –Alternating current –Direct current

4. Alternating current Alternating current alternates or changes direction extremely quickly. We use alternating current in lights, kettles and stoves.

5. Direct current Direct current flows in one direction only. Torches and battery-operated radio’s work with direct current.

6. Input, Process, Output All the electrical components work with input, proses and output. If you look at a microwave, you will see that it transforms electrical energy into heat energy.  Input – The electricity that flows in the conducter.  Process – The change of the electrical energy into heat energy inside the microwave.  Output – The heat that is presented by the microwave.

7. Current, Voltage and Resistance Every electrical circuit consist Current, voltage and resistance.

8. Current  Current is the amount of electrical energy flowing through a circuit.  The greater the current is, the greater the amount of electrical energy flowing through the circuit.  Current is measured in amperes (A).  You measure the amount of current flowing through a circuit using an ammeter. The greater the amount of amps is, the greater the current in the circuit.

9. Voltage  Voltage refers to the amount of electrical energy the power source can supply.  Voltage is measured in volts (V).  The greater the amount of volts there is in a power source, the greater the amount of electrical energy it can supply to the circuit.  Voltage is measured by using a voltmeter.

10. Resistance The ability of a conductor to stop the flow of electrical current is called résistance.  Résistance is measured in ohms (Ω) using an ohmmeter.  The less résistance there is in a circuit, the easier the electricity can flow in the circuit. Sometimes special components called resistors are added to a circuit to control the flow of electricity.

11. OHM’s LAW This law states that the amount of current passing through a conductor is:  directly proportional to the voltage across the conductor and Inversely proportional to the resistance of the conductor.

12. In other words, Ohm’s Law firstly means that the greater the current, the greater the voltage will be. Secondly, the greater the resistance, the less the current will be.

13. Formula You can express this law using the following formula: Voltage (V) = Current (I) x Resistance (R V = I x R