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Published byKelley Fowler Modified over 9 years ago
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Electricity and Electronics
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Sepperated into TWO groups Electricity – It is the ongoing flow of electrons. Electronica – It is the Science of how we control the electrons.
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Electricity Electricity is a form of energy where the electrons of atoms move along a conductor. A conductor is a material that conducts electricity, for example copper wire. Ther are TWO kinds of electrical current: –Alternating current –Direct current
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Alternating current Alternating current alternates or changes direction extremely quickly. We use alternating current in lights, kettles and stoves.
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Direct current Direct current flows in one direction only. Torches and battery-operated radio’s work with direct current.
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Input, Process, Output All the electrical components work with input, proses and output. If you look at a microwave, you will see that it transforms electrical energy into heat energy. Input – The electricity that flows in the conducter. Process – The change of the electrical energy into heat energy inside the microwave. Output – The heat that is presented by the microwave.
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Current, Voltage and Resistance Every electrical circuit consist Current, voltage and resistance.
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Current Current is the amount of electrical energy flowing through a circuit. The greater the current is, the greater the amount of electrical energy flowing through the circuit. Current is measured in amperes (A). You measure the amount of current flowing through a circuit using an ammeter. The greater the amount of amps is, the greater the current in the circuit.
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Voltage Voltage refers to the amount of electrical energy the power source can supply. Voltage is measured in volts (V). The greater the amount of volts there is in a power source, the greater the amount of electrical energy it can supply to the circuit. Voltage is measured by using a voltmeter.
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Resistance The ability of a conductor to stop the flow of electrical current is called résistance. Résistance is measured in ohms (Ω) using an ohmmeter. The less résistance there is in a circuit, the easier the electricity can flow in the circuit. Sometimes special components called resistors are added to a circuit to control the flow of electricity.
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OHM’s LAW This law states that the amount of current passing through a conductor is: directly proportional to the voltage across the conductor and Inversely proportional to the resistance of the conductor.
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In other words, Ohm’s Law firstly means that the greater the current, the greater the voltage will be. Secondly, the greater the resistance, the less the current will be.
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Formula You can express this law using the following formula: Voltage (V) = Current (I) x Resistance (R V = I x R
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