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Marina Papatriantafilou – Introduction to computer communication Based on the book Computer Networking: A Top Down Approach, Jim Kurose, Keith Ross, Addison-Wesley.

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Presentation on theme: "Marina Papatriantafilou – Introduction to computer communication Based on the book Computer Networking: A Top Down Approach, Jim Kurose, Keith Ross, Addison-Wesley."— Presentation transcript:

1 Marina Papatriantafilou – Introduction to computer communication Based on the book Computer Networking: A Top Down Approach, Jim Kurose, Keith Ross, Addison-Wesley. Course on Computer Communication and Networks Lecture 1 Chapter 1: Introduction Part A: Internet, Protocol Layering and Data CTH EDA344/ GU DIT 420 1

2 Marina Papatriantafilou – Introduction to computer communication Roadmap 3a-2 What’s the Internet – Nuts&bolts view – Service view – Distinction between network edge and network core Layers of abstraction, protocols ISO/OSI & Internet layer structure Data communication through layers: physical and logical view

3 Marina Papatriantafilou – Introduction to computer communication Introduction 1-3 the Internet: “nuts and bolts” view (1) millions of connected computing devices: hosts = end systems – running network apps Home network Institutional network Mobile network Global ISP Regional ISP router PC server wireless laptop cellular handheld wired links access points communication links fiber, copper, radio, satellite transmission rate = bandwidth routers: forward packets (chunks of data)

4 Marina Papatriantafilou – Introduction to computer communication Introduction “Fun” internet appliances IP picture frame http://www.ceiva.com/ Web-enabled toaster + weather forecaster Internet phones Internet refrigerator Slingbox: watch, control cable TV remotely 1-4 Tweet-a-watt: monitor energy use

5 Marina Papatriantafilou – Introduction to computer communication Introduction 1-5 the Internet: “nuts and bolts” view (2) protocols control sending, receiving of msgs – e.g., TCP, IP, HTTP, Skype, Ethernet Internet: “network of networks” – loosely hierarchical Home network Institutional network Mobile network Global ISP Regional ISP

6 Marina Papatriantafilou – Introduction to computer communication 1-6 the Internet: service view communication infrastructure enables distributed applications: – Web, VoIP, email, games, e- commerce, file sharing communication services provided to apps: – Reliable, in-order data delivery from source to destination – “best effort” (unreliable) data delivery

7 Marina Papatriantafilou – Introduction to computer communication 1-7 A closer look at (any big) network’s structure: network edge: applications and hosts access networks, physical media: wired, wireless communication links network core: interconnected routers network of networks

8 Marina Papatriantafilou – Introduction to computer communication Roadmap 3a-8 What’s the Internet – Nuts&bolts view – Service view – Distinction between network edge and network core Layers of abstraction, protocols ISO/OSI & Internet layer structure Data communication through layers: physical and logical view

9 Marina Papatriantafilou – Introduction to computer communication 9 Networks are complex and evolving…. – Hosts, routers, links – Services, applications – Hardware, software – …. Question: Is there any hope of organizing structure, study, development of networks?

10 Marina Papatriantafilou – Introduction to computer communication 10 Terminology: Layers, Protocols, Interfaces Each layer implements services – via its own internal-layer actions – relying on services by layer below It provides services to the upper layer (shielding from implementation details) – service interface: across layers in same host Layer n on a host carries a conversation with layer n on another host host-to-host interface: defines messages exchanged with peer entity Logical communication, protocol

11 Marina Papatriantafilou – Introduction to computer communication 11 What’s a protocol? Examples: a human protocol and a computer network protocol: Hi Got the time? 2:00 TCP connection req. TCP connection reply. Get http://gaia.cs.umass.edu/index.htm time host-to-host interface: defines messages exchanges with peer entity: format, order of msgs actions todo on msg transmission, receipt

12 Marina Papatriantafilou – Introduction to computer communication ticket (purchase) baggage (check) gates (load) runway (takeoff) airplane routing departure airport arrival airport intermediate air-traffic control centers airplane routing ticket (complain) baggage (claim gates (unload) runway (land) airplane routing ticket baggage gate takeoff/landing airplane routing Another example: Layering of airline functionality 12 System architecture: set of layers, interfaces Protocol stack: protocol implementation

13 Marina Papatriantafilou – Introduction to computer communication 13 Why layering? Dealing with complex systems: structure allows to identificaty & relate of complex system’s pieces – layered reference model for discussion modularization eases maintenance/es – change of implementation of layer’s service transparent to rest of system – e.g., change in gate procedure doesn’t affect rest of system

14 Marina Papatriantafilou – Introduction to computer communication Roadmap 3a-14 What’s the Internet – Nuts&bolts view – Service view – Distinction between network edge and network core Layers of abstraction, protocols ISO/OSI & Internet layer structure Data communication through layers: physical and logical view

15 Marina Papatriantafilou – Introduction to computer communication 15 Layering – Some “history”: The OSI Reference Model ISO (International Standards Organization) defined the OSI (Open Systems Interconnect) model to help vendors create interoperable network implementation ``X dot" series (X.25, X. 400, X.500) OSI model implementation (protocol stack) application presentation session transport network link physical

16 Marina Papatriantafilou – Introduction to computer communication 16 Internet protocol stack Application layer: protocols supporting network applications – http (web), smtp (email)… transport: process2process data transfer – UDP, TCP network: routing of datagrams (independent data-packets) – IP/addressing, routing protocols link: data transfer between neighboring network elements – Ethernet, WiFi, … physical: bits on the physical medium application transport network link physical UDP TCP

17 Marina Papatriantafilou – Introduction to computer communication 17 Internet protocol stack Architecture simple but not as thoroughly thought as OSI‘s no clear distinction between interface-design and implementations; Internet stack “missing” layers: presentation: interpret meaning of data, e.g., encryption, compression, session: synchronization, checkpointing, … these services, if needed, must be implemented in application Successful protocol suite (de-facto standard) was there when needed (OSI implementations were too complicated) freely distributed with UNIX Internet standards RFC: Request for comments IETF: Internet Engineering Task Force

18 Marina Papatriantafilou – Introduction to computer communication Roadmap 18 What’s the Internet – Nuts&bolts view – Service view – Distinction between network edge and network core Layers of abstraction, protocols ISO/OSI & Internet layer structure Data communication through layers: physical and logical view

19 Marina Papatriantafilou – Introduction to computer communication source application transport network link physical HtHt HnHn M segment HtHt datagram destination application transport network link physical HtHt HnHn HlHl M HtHt HnHn M HtHt M M network link physical link physical HtHt HnHn HlHl M HtHt HnHn M HtHt HnHn M HtHt HnHn HlHl M router switch Layered communication: Encapsulation message M HtHt M HnHn frame 19 Logical communication Physical communication

20 Marina Papatriantafilou – Introduction to computer communication 20 Chapter 1a: Summary We discussed what’s the Internet what’s a protocol? protocol layers, service models We will continue (next lecture) with Network edge & network core services & functionality overview More on Internet structure overview – access nets, physical media – backbones, NAPs, ISPs Performance concerns: delays, loss Security concerns To provide : context, overview, “feel” of networking A point of reference for context in the “zoom-in” discussions to come

21 Marina Papatriantafilou – Introduction to computer communication Reading instructions (incl.next lecture) CarefulQuick 4/e,5/e,6/e: 1.3, 1.4, 1.54/e,5/e,6/e: the rest 21 1. Kurose Ross book Extra Reading (optional) Computer and Network Organization: An Introduction, by Maarten van Steen and Henk Sips, Prentice Hall (very good introductory book for non-CSE students

22 Marina Papatriantafilou – Introduction to computer communication Review questions (incl.next lecture) Review questions from Kurose-Ross book, chapter 1 (for basic study) R11, R12, R13, R16, 17, R18, R19, R20, R21, R22, R23, R24, R25, R28. Extra questions, for further study: delay analysis in packet switched networks: http://www.comm.utoronto.ca/~jorg/teaching/ece466/material/466- SimpleAnalysis.pdfhttp://www.comm.utoronto.ca/~jorg/teaching/ece466/material/466- SimpleAnalysis.pdf 22

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