2. Earth’s Oceans are vast reservoirs of: Water (salt water) Nutrients Salt Dissolved gases Food (plants and animals)

3. Nutrients (need these for life) Salt (Naturally made Sea Salt) Water (Water Cycle) Ocean Fish (Mollusks, Crustaceans/Shellfish for food) Shrimp, crabs, lobster, etc. Human’s need to ensure fish are reproducing at a rate that is higher than they are catching them to avoid species becoming endangered

4. Dissolved Gases Critical elements: Dissolved Oxygen in the water Used by plants, animals and fungi Dissolved Carbon Dioxide in the water Used by plants, algae and some bacteria

5. Photosynthesis Photosynthesis: A process by which some organisms use light energy from the sun to make nutrients in the form of carbohydrates from water and carbon dioxide Phytoplankton and algae produce most of the dissolved oxygen in oceans

6. Photosynthesis Chemical Equation: CO 2 + H 2 O + sunlightO 2 + C 6 H 12 O 6

7. Respiration All organisms get everything they need to survive from their environment. Respiration – a process organisms use to obtain energy from the food they eat -Oxygen is used to release the energy stored in food

8. Respiration Chemical Equation: O 2 + C 6 H 12 O 6 CO 2 + H 2 O

9. Salinity Salinity – Salt Content in Water Salt water is denser than fresh water Desalination – a process used to separate the salt from seawater and reclaim both materials The Process is simple: Salt Water is sent to a desalination plant where it is boiled, the water evaporates, then cools in a separate setting, leaving the salt behind The Problem? It’s very costly to build such a massive plant to do this

10. Oceanography Oceanography – Study of the physical properties of the ocean Examples of this are: size, depth, temperature, pH The use of technology helps us to monitor changes on the ocean floor Remember, the ocean floor is not flat and changing all the time!

11. Record your responses to picture #1 1. Describe what you see in this picture. 2. What do you think is happening in this picture? 3. List the words that come to mind when looking at this picture.

12. Record your responses to picture #2 1. Describe what you see in this picture. 2. What do you think is happening in this picture? 3. List the words that come to mind when looking at this picture.

13. Record your responses to picture #3 1. Describe what you see in this picture. 2. What do you think is happening in this picture? 3. List the words that come to mind when looking at this picture.

14. Record your responses to picture #4 1. Describe what you see in this picture. 2. What do you think is happening in this picture? 3. List the words that come to mind when looking at this picture.

15. Technology to Explore the Ocean Floor ROV (Remotely Operated Vehicle) - Unmanned submersible tethered to a mother ship and operated by pilots using a joy stick. Scuba - Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus - device that allows divers to breathe underwater for long periods of time.

16. Technology to Explore the Ocean Floor SONAR - SOund NAvigation Ranging - used to measure ocean depth by sending sound to bounce off the ocean floor. Submersible – A small submarine used to explore the ocean depths; equipped with windows, lights, mechanical arms, cameras and other scientific instruments capable of seeing and recording data.

17. Check for Understanding What necessities of life are stored in the ocean? How do scientists use technology to study the vast ocean? What ideas from today’s lesson were easy for you? What ideas were difficult for you?

18. Ocean Exploration Video 3-2-1 Name three connections you made to the content today. Name two minerals or gases that are present in oceans. Name one underwater submarine that is used to explore the ocean floor