1. CDD as a mean to build social cohesion Samuel Thirion (Council of Europe)

2. The case of PLPR in Cape Verde Conception from lessons drawn in Europe (LEADER program) Which new lessons to draw from PLPR?

3. The concept of Social Cohesion European commission: Social and Economic Cohesion or Territorial Cohesion Council of Europe 1- Social Cohesion is the capacity of the society at its different levels (community, regional, national, international) to ensure welfare to all its members and to avoid disparities 2- Economic Cohesion is the capacity of the society to produce the necessary resources for social cohesion

4. Social Cohesion components Welfare of persons How the society is organized Situations Actors and actions Basic Components Trust links feelings common knowledge common values Equity participation Dignity Autonomy

5. Social cohesion is more than social capital Social capitalSocial cohesion Level of application Specific groupEntire society SignificanceCapacity of the group to act together Capacity of the society to ensure welfare for all Concrete application often applied to target group Community, micro- region, region, nation, world

6. Social cohesion: a new conception of aid for development From fighting poverty to creation of capacity to fight poverty at every territorial level, which include capacity of the society (community, local, regional, ….) to: observe together and share objectives create a consensus on strategy and territorial action plan to fight poverty apply, manage and monitor the action plan mobilize and manage new financial resources draw lessons and improve actions and methods capitalize and transmit know how  The method is the key question, more than the content of actions itself

7. Central point of the method: Partnerships Territorial partnerships: community, micro- region, region, etc. including all representative of society for social cohesion Vertical partnerships: Trust relationship based on autonomy in exchange of responsibility Extra-territorial partnerships: Solidarity including exchange of know how, commercialization of products, etc.

8. International institution (IFAD, others, …) vertical partnership National territorial partnership: vertical partnership Regional/local territorial partnership (CRP) vertical partnership Community territorial partnership (ACD) vertical partnership Beneficiaries

9. A- Territorial partnership Main characteristicsJustification and expected added value Opened, including all representative of local actors Creating consensus on shared strategy Technical team for animation Mobilization of the population (bottom up approach) and resources FormalizedCapitalization and transmission of method and know how

10. B- Vertical partnership: autonomy in exchange of responsibility AutonomyResponsibility Autonomy in organizing local partnership: time to do it Democracy and inclusion Autonomy to define strategy and action plan: time to do with experimental phase (“demonstrative actions”0 Create consensus on strategy Autonomy to define method of implementation and to implement the strategy and action plan: possibility of revision Targeting poorest people Improving effectiveness General autonomy of the partnership: Means to have local technical teams Mobilization Capitalization Transmission

11. Consequences of the principle of autonomy in exchange of responsibility Global ex-ante evaluation  global contract and global subvention Ex-ante evaluation more on strategy and method than on actions themselves A posteriori control Bottom up and participative monitoring and evaluation Partnership learning process  Sharing objectives, information, trust based relationship.

12. C- Extra-territorial partnership Opening to new ideas, know how, approaches Creation of links: special interest of decentralized cooperation Solidarity at international level (global social cohesion) Links with solidarity economy (solidarity finance fair trade, solidarity tourism, etc.)

13. D- Main difficulties 1- Territorial partnerships Democracy in local partnerships Establishing strategies and not list of projects 2- Vertical partnership Tendency to impose instead of dialogue 3- Extra-territorial partnerships Opening the partnership to new approaches Cross-fertilizing approaches  Key questions: - laboratory function  key role of the first phase - Training integrated in action (learning from and planning together)