2. LO: SWBAT explain how the cell theory was developed Do Now: What instrument was vital for scientists to discover and learn about cells? How does this instrument work? HW: Read pages 169-172, page 172 # 1-5

3. What instrument was vital for scientists to discover and learn about cells? Light Microscope A light microscope can magnify objects up to 1000 times. This instrument allows scientists to see larger parts of a cell (cell membrane, nucleus, chromosomes, etc…)

5. Anton van Leeuwenhoek 1600’s Spiral Bacteria Human Sperm Developed simple light microscopes that allowed him to examine tiny living organisms he called “animacules”

6. Robert Hooke(1665) CORK CELLSWhat is this? First Compound Microscope First person to use the word “cell”

7. Matthias Schleiden (1838) ALL PLANTS ARE MADE OF CELLS

8. Theodor Schwann (1838) ALL ANIMALS ARE MADE UP OF CELLS

9. Rudolf Virchow (1858) CELLS COME FROM PRE-EXISTING CELLS

10. How the Cell Theory was developed

11. Cell theory All living things are made of cells Cells are the basic unit of structure and function (metabolism) New cells come from pre- existing cells

12. What are some problems with the Cell Theory? Are viruses living? Where did the first cell come from?

13. Viruses They are not made up of cells, but are they living?

14. What do you know about viruses? They can make you very sick They can be transmitted from person to person There are different types of viruses

15. HOW BIG IS A VIRUS? They are microscopic and smaller than cells! Too small to be seen with a light microscope

16. How can we determine if a virus is living or non-living? Is it made of cells? Does it maintain homeostasis? Does it carry out metabolism? Does it reproduce?

17. Is a virus living or non living?

18. How a Virus works

19. How are cells classified?

20. How do these cells compare? SIMPLE COMPLEX

21. Cells are broken down into two main classes: Cells ProkaryoticEukaryotic

22. Prokaryotes: Were probably the first life forms to appear on earth 3.5 billion years ago Harsh Early Earth What were the conditions on Earth at this time? 1)Hot 2)Little Oxygen 3)Abundant Lightning 4) Volcanic Activity

23. Why do you think Prokaryotes were the first life forms on earth? 1)Simple Structures 2) Their ability to tolerate harsh environments 3) Their ability to adapt to changing environments

24. What are some features of prokaryotes? 1)Prokaryotes have NO NUCLEUS!! 2) Have few organelles (mini-organs) 3) PROKARYOTES = BACTERIA ** Although prokaryotes do not have nuclei, they do have DNA.

26. What organisms are made up of eukaryotic cells? Plants AnimalsFungi Protists All other living things are made up of Eukaryotic Cells

27. What are some features of typical eukaryotic cells? 1) They are more complex 2) Appeared later on earth 3) They have nuclei 4) They are larger 5) Have more organelles 6) Have membrane bound organelles

28. Eukaryotes

29. CELL TYPES PROKARYOTIC HAVE only a few ORGANELLES HAVE NO NUCLEUS PRIMITIVE CELLS Only Bacteria EUKARYOTIC HAVE ORGANELLES HAVE NUCLEUS MODERN CELLS All other living things: animals, plants, fungi, protist (unicellular organisms)

30. What do all cells have in common? Cell membrane – gives shape to the cells and allows things in and out. The cytoplasm – the jelly like material where all cell parts are found

31. Compare and contrast these two cars? SIMPLE COMPLEX

32. How Do These Cells Compare? SIMPLE COMPLEX

33. Eukaryotes evolved from prokaryotes