1. Multi-Objective Decision Model for Urban Water Use: Planning for a Regional Water Re-Use Ordinance

2. A collaborative effort involving Illinois Institute of Technology Illinois Institute of Technology Illinois Waste Management and Research Center Illinois Waste Management and Research Center Northeastern Illinois Planning Commission Northeastern Illinois Planning Commission Regional stakeholders Regional stakeholders

3. Metropolitan Chicago water use Six-county area in NE Illinois is growing Six-county area in NE Illinois is growing Estimated & projected water consumption Estimated & projected water consumption 2000 = 1230 MGD 2000 = 1230 MGD 2030 = 1860 MGD 2030 = 1860 MGD Supply problems Supply problems Lake Michigan withdrawal is limited Lake Michigan withdrawal is limited Groundwater sources unknown, decreasing Groundwater sources unknown, decreasing

4. Wastewater reuse options

5. Barriers and incentives Regulatory Issues Regulatory Issues Existing institutional or policy programs Existing institutional or policy programs Potential human or ecological health concerns Potential human or ecological health concerns Technical requirements Technical requirements Economics Economics

6. Optimization objectives Minimize costs Minimize costs Water and wastewater treatment Water and wastewater treatment Water distribution (new dual distribution) Water distribution (new dual distribution) New treatment costs (chlorination) New treatment costs (chlorination) Hydroelectric facility Hydroelectric facility Waste heat Waste heat Minimize potential risks Minimize potential risks Human health Human health Ecosystem Ecosystem Minimize water withdrawal from Lake Michigan Minimize water withdrawal from Lake Michigan

7. Constraints Limited supply (surface, groundwater) Limited supply (surface, groundwater) In-stream flow requirements In-stream flow requirements Aeration Aeration Wastewater dilution and conveyance Wastewater dilution and conveyance Habitat protection Habitat protection Transportation Transportation Recreation Recreation Treatment system capacity Treatment system capacity Public acceptance Public acceptance

8. Decision support system Capture information in an optimization model Capture information in an optimization model Present the model as a decision support system Present the model as a decision support system Work with stakeholders: Work with stakeholders: What objective(s) do they want to see? What objective(s) do they want to see? Do we have all the constraints? Do we have all the constraints? What and where are the reuse applications? What and where are the reuse applications? Similar applications throughout Great Lakes Similar applications throughout Great Lakes