1. The Holocaust

2. Setting the Stage
As part of their vision for Europe, the Nazis proposed a new radical order. They proclaimed that Germanic peoples, or Aryans, were a “master race.” The Nazis claimed that all non-Aryan peoples, particularly Jewish people were inferior. This racist message would eventually lead to the Holocaust, the systematic mass slaughter of Jews and other groups judged inferior by Nazis

3. Holocaust Begins Nuremberg Laws:
1935 series of laws passed that deprived the Jews of German citizenship
Forbid marriages between Jews and non-Jews
Limited what kind of jobs Jews could hold in Germany
Hitler makes targeting the Jews a government policy

4. “Night of the Broken Glass”
Kristallnacht
17 year old German Jew, Herschel Grynazpan visited his uncle in Paris
While in Paris he got a postcard from his father saying after living in Germany for 27 years he had been deported to Poland
Anger about this Herschel shot a German officer in Paris
When Nazi leaders heard of the news Nazi Storm troopers attacked Jewish homes, business, and synagogues across Germany
Nearly 100 Jews were killed…

5. Primary Source
“All the things for which my parents had worked for in 18 long years were destroyed in less than 10 minutes. Piles of valuable glass, expensive furniture, linens- in short, everything was destroyed…The Nazis left us, yelling, “Don’t try to leave this house! We’ll soon be back again and take you to a concentration camp to be shot.”
-M. I. Libau

6. Aftermath of Kristallnacht
Flood of Refugees
Many Jews realized that trouble was only going to get worse
Thousands fled Germany
Hitler conquered new land, he gained more Jews
Hitler saw emigration as a solution to the “Jewish Problem”
Soon countries like Great Britain, France and the US closed their borders to Jews
Isolating the Jews
When Hitler couldn’t move the Jews out any more he forced them to isolated areas or ghettos.
Segregates Nazis hoped they would starve to death or die of disease….

7. “the final solution” “Final Solution”
Hitler grew tired of waiting for the Jews to starve to death in ghettos
Decided to take a more direct approach: genocide
“the systematic killing of an entire people”
Hitler believes he must protect the “purity” of the Aryan race
Eliminates all other races, nationalities, or people viewed as inferior or “subhuman”
Gypsises, Poles, Russians, homosexuals, the insane, disabled, terminally ill, and the Jews.

8. The camps
(Show Video Clip)

9. The Final Stage 1942 Hitler builds extermination camps
Huge gas chambers could kill as many as 6,000 people a day
Largest of the extermination camps was Auschwitz
Men, women, and children would be brought in front of Nazi doctors
Dr.s would separate weak from strong- weak would be killed that day
Gas chambers:
Told they were being brought to shower
Once inside and door closed- cyanide or carbon dioxide would be pumped into the chamber
All would be dead within minutes
Later the Nazis built large crematoriums to burn the dead bodies

10. Death tolls Victims Killed Jews 5.9 million Soviet POWs 2–3 million
Ethnic Poles
1.8–2 million
Romani
220,000–1,500,000
Disabled
200,000–250,000
Freemasons
80,000
Slovenes
20,000–25,000
Homosexuals
5,000–15,000
Jehovah's Witnesses
2,500–5,000

11. Country
Estimated Pre-War Jewish population
Estimated Jewish population annihilated
Percent killed
Poland
3,300,000
3,000,000 90
Baltic countries
253,000
228,000
Germany & Austria
240,000
210,000
Bohemia & Moravia
90,000
80,000 89
Slovakia
75,000 83
Greece
70,000
54,000 77
Netherlands
140,000
105,000 75
Hungary
650,000
450,000 70
Byelorussian SSR
375,000
245,000 65
Ukrainian SSR
1,500,000
900,000 60
Belgium
65,000
40,000
Yugoslavia
43,000
26,000
Romania
600,000
300,000 50
Norway
2,173
890 41
France
350,000 26
Bulgaria
64,000
14,000 22
Italy
8,000 20
Luxembourg
5,000
1,000
Russian SFSR
975,000
107,000 11
Finland
2,000 1
Denmark 52
0.6<1
Total
8,861,800
5,933,900 67