1. American Foreign Policy
Chapter 9, Section 1
American Foreign Policy

2. Settling Disputes With Great Britain
Unresolved issues from the War of 1812
Both the United States and British Canada wanted to keep their navy and fishing rights on the Great Lakes
Rush-Bagot Agreement
Limited naval power on the Great Lakes for both Great Britain and the United States
Convention of 1818
Treaty between the United States and Great Britain that gave the United States fishing rights off parts of the Newfoundland and Labrador coasts
Set border between the United States and Canada at 49ºN latitude as far west as the Rocky Mountains
Agreed to occupy the Pacific Northwest together as both nations were interested in the profitable fur trade in Oregon

4. United States Gains Florida
1818
Secretary of State, John Quincy Adams (son of Patriot John Adams) held talks with Spanish diplomat Luis de Onis regarding a southern border dispute
President James Monroe (elected in 1816) sent troops to secure the US/Spanish Florida border
Troops led by General Andrew Jackson

5. United States Gains Florida
Conflicts between the United States and Seminole Nation
Seminole often helped runaway slaves and raided US Settlements
General Andrew Jackson invaded Florida in spring of 1818 to capture Seminole raiders
First Seminole War
Andrew Jackson took over most of Spain’s important military posts in Florida and overthrew the governor
Carried out these acts without orders from President James Monroe
Upset Spanish leaders
Supported by American people

6. United States Gains Florida
Jackson’s presence in Florida convinced Spanish leaders to negotiate
Adams-Onis Treaty
Settled the border dispute between Spain and the United States
Gave East Florida to the United States
United States gave up claims to what is present day Texas
United States agreed to pay up to $5 million in claims against Spain

7. Monroe Doctrine Spain’s Troubles
By the 1820’s, most of Spain’s colonies in the Americas had declared their independence
Simon Bolivar
Independence leader
The revolutions against Spain reminded many Americans of their own revolution and as a result, supported these struggles

8. Monroe Doctrine
Mexican Independence in 1821 worried President James Monroe
Fear of European rivals attempt to take control of newly independent Latin American nations
Concerned with Russia interest in the northwest coast of the United States
Secretary of State, John Quincy Adams, shared President James Monroe’s concerns
In an address to congress, John Quincy Adams stated that while the United States supports Latin American independence, it will not fight their battles

9. Monroe Doctrine
Great Britain also wanted to keep European powers out of Latin America
Britain had formed close trading ties with newly independent Latin American nations
Great Britain wanted to issue a joint statement with the United States to warn the rest of Europe not to interfere in Latin America

10. Monroe Doctrine Monroe Doctrine December 2, 1823
Instead of a joint statement, John Quincy Adams and President James Monroe put together a document protecting American interests
Warned European powers not to interfere with the Americas
4 major points
US would not interfere in the affairs of European Nations
US would recognize and not interfere with pre-existing European colonies in North and South America
Western Hemisphere off limits to European colonization
Any attempt of western hemisphere colonization would be considered a hostile act

11. Monroe Doctrine
Some Europeans strongly criticized the doctrine but few have ever challenged it
The Monroe Doctrine has remained important to US foreign policy