1. Words in Sentences (compilation material) ristanti@stikom.edu

2. Sentence A sentence at least consist of S + P Predicate can be :  to be  Verb  Modal A sentence : uses to be, * Verb (in reverse) Ex: She is diligent student. She studies diligently

3. Parts of Sentence  Subject?  Predicate?  Object?  Complement?  Adverb?

4. Verb SUBJECT To BeVerbDo/DoesHas/Have I You,We,The y He, She, It, Boby Am Are Is V1 V es/s Do Does Have Has

5. Direct Objects

6. Finding Direct Object (1) 1. Find action verb 2. Ask “who?” or “what?” after the action verb. Example: Sandy sings a song. 1. Action verb? = Sings 2. Sang who? Sing what? = a song

7. Direct Object Example: They visited Kuta Beach. 1. Action verb? = Visited 2. Visited who? Visited what? = Kuta Beach That means that “Kuta Beach” is the direct object.

8. Finding Direct Object (2)  Direct objects can also be compound. → Key: conjunctions: “and,” “but,” or “or” connecting the two compounds. Example: We met Mary and Mark at the supermarket. 1. Action verb? = Met 2. Saw who? Saw what? Mary and Mark It means that both Mary, Mark are direct objects.

9. Finding Direct Objects (3)  In a question, sentence parts are inverted. That means they are not in their usual location. In a question, one of two things may happen: 1. The direct object may appear before the verb 2. The direct object may be an interrogative pronoun that takes the place of the actual direct object. (The interrogative pronouns are who, whom, whose, which, and what.)

10. Finding Direct Objects (4) Interrogative Sentence Example: Which coat did you bring to school? 1. Action verb? = Did bring 2. Did bring who? Did bring what? = coat

11. Finding Direct Object (5)  Example: What did you buy at the mall? 1. The action verb is did buy. 2. Did buy who? Did buy what? We don’t know what was bought. However, there is an interrogative pronoun that could have taken the place of what was bought. That interrogative pronoun is the direct object

12. Diagramming Direct Objects Subject Action Verb Direct Object

13. How to Diagram Direct Objects (1) Example: S V DO The students studied their English notes. students studied notes

14. How to Diagram Direct Objects (2) Compound direct objects: S V DO DO Example: We visited Maine and Vermont. Maine We visited and Vermont

15. Indirect Objects

16. Finding Indirect Object (1) 1.Find the action verb 2.Ask “who?” or “what?” after the action verb. The indirect object will come after the action verb. The direct object will come after the indirect object. Sentence pattern will always be S – V- IO- DO Example: Mom gave me a cookie. 1. Action verb? 2. Gave who? Me. Gave what? Cookie. “me” is the indirect object and “cookie” is the direct object.

17. Finding Indirect Object (2)  Another example: Lucy brought her a present. 1. Action verb? 2. Brought who? her Brought what?

18. Diagramming Indirect Objects (1) Subject Verb Direct Object (x) Indirect Object

19. Diagramming Indirect Objects (2) Example: S V IO DO Sue gave Jack a valentine. Sue gave a valentine (x) Jack

20. Diagramming Indirect Objects (3) Indirect objects can also be compound! Example: S V IO IO DO Mom brought Tim and Tom a new game. Mom brought game (X) Tim and Tom

21. Kinds of Sentences Statement / Affirmative. Imperative! Interrogative?

22. Thank You Practices make PERFECT