1. BENCHMARKING

2. WHAT IS BENCHMARKING? Benchmarking is the activity of comparing a product, a component, an application, a software package, a process, an idea etc. to past or current products, components, applications, software packages processes, ideas etc. What are these things compared to? Current products, components, applications, software package etc. Current and Past Technologies Current and Past Manufacturing Processes Industry Best Practices Patents

3. BENCHMARKING TECHNIQUES Common Benchmarking Techniques: Internet Search Google, Bing, Wikipedia … Literature Search Library Utility Database Search Edge IEEE Xplore Reverse Engineering Automotive Industry has been using this technique for many years Japan during the 70’’s & 80’s China currently practices this technique Lab Experimentation (Getting your hands dirty.) Patent Search

4. MEDIRESP III (MSD PROJECT P13026) Provide positive pressure ventilation Modes of Operation: CMV (constant mandatory ventilation) Assist CPR Manual Large and heavy 2-4 hour battery life FDA 501(k) Approval Patents 5,211,170 & 5,398,676 Contains BVM backup

5. FEATURE SET Features and specifications should be identified so that quantitative comparisons can be made.

6. MEDISYS II VS. SAVE SIMPLIFIED AUTOMATED VENTILATOR

7. COMPUTER (PROCESSOR) EXAMPLE (MATLAB BENCHMARKING)

8. GRAPHICAL COMPARISON OF QUANTITATIVE DATA (MATLAB EXAMPLE)

9. WHAT IS A PATENT? “In modern usage, the term patent usually refers to the right granted to anyone who invents any new, useful, and non-obvious process, machine, article of manufacture, or composition of matter” [1]. A form of Intellectual Property (IP) Required components of patent are invention Novelty and Non-obviousness [1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent

10. WHAT IS PATENTABLE? What is patentable (35 U.S.C. 101) ? Utility Patent Any new and useful art, process, machine, manufacture or composition of matter or any new and useful improvement Design Patent Ornamental design for an article of manufacture – Design patent protects only the appearance of an article, but not its structural or functional features Plant Patent Genetically Modified Organism (GMO)

11. PATENT SEARCH WEBSITES US Patent and Trademark Office www.uspto.gov US Copyright Office www.loc.gov/copyright European Patent Office www.epo.org/ World IP Organization (WIPO) www.wipo.int/portal/index.html.en Good IP Site, Franklin Pierce Law Ctr. www.ipmall.fplc.edu Design Patent Q&A www.uspto.gov/web/offices/pac/design/desfaq.html Patent Fetcher free.patentfetcher.com/Patent-Fetcher-Form.php

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