1. T HE C ONSTITUTION

2. A RTICLES OF C ONFEDERATION 1 st constitution of the U.S. ‘loose friendship’ of the states

3. A RTICLES OF C ONFEDERATION Problems: 1. Congress had no power to tax 2. states printed their own money 3. no executive to enforce laws 4. no national judicial system 5. needed 9/13 states to pass a law

4. A RTICLES OF C ONFEDERATION Effects of the problems: -Shays’ Rebellion -lack of respect from the rest of the world FAIL!

5. F RAMERS OF THE C ONSTITUTION 55 delegates all states there except Rhode Island Chairman: G. Washington Recorder/Author: J. Madison Goal: Revise Articles of Confed. Result: Threw out Articles; completely new document came up with two plans: VA Plan and NJ Plan

6. V IRGINIA P LAN favored bigger states (pop.) bicameral legislature # of legislators would be based on states’ populations

7. N EW J ERSEY P LAN favored smaller states unicameral legislature # of legislators would be equal from each state

8. G REAT C OMPROMISE CT steps in bicameral legislature: *Upper House (Senate):based on = #s *Lower House (House of Reps): based on pop. of states 3/5 Compromise: 60% of the slave population in a state would be counted

9. B ASIC P RINCIPLES OF THE C ONSTITUTION 1. Federalism power given to state and national governments strong national government states’ rights as well

10. B ASIC P RINCIPLES OF THE C ONSTITUTION 2. Separation of Powers Three Branches of government a. Legislative: Makes laws b. Executive: Enforces laws c. Judicial: Interprets laws

11. B ASIC P RINCIPLES OF THE C ONSTITUTION 3. Checks and Balances each branch has ‘checks’ on the other two does not allow one branch to become too powerful

12. A RTICLE I Outlines the set-up and responsibilities of the Legislative branch Section 1: Creation of a bicameral legislature.

13. A RTICLE I Section 2: Creation of the House of Representatives. -must be 25 years old to be a representative and a citizen of the US for at least 7 years - 2-year term -100% up for re-election every two years -representation is based on state’s population

14. A RTICLE I Section 3: Creation of the Senate -must be 30 years old to be a Senator and a citizen of the US for at least 14 years - 6-year term - 67% up for re-election every two years -Presides over the Senate: Vice-President

15. A RTICLE I Section 4: Congress decides when and where elections are held Section 7: The Senate and House must agree on the same bill to be sent to the President. Section 8: Congress has the power to collect money through taxes. -List the powers given to Congress (in common language).

16. A RTICLE I

17. A RTICLE II

19. A RTICLE III

21. A RTICLES IV - VII

23. R ATIFICATION

24. A MENDING THE C ONSTITUTION