1. Unit 2 Fall Hazards: Internal and External Risks

2. REVIEW Defined a fall Discussed the seriousness of falling Discussed the consequences of falls Reviewed the best ways to prevent falls

3. OBJECTIVES Discuss the difference between internal and external risk factors. Outline some environmental hazards that potentially exist in and around the home. Look at simple modifications to ensure home safety. Distribute the home hazard checklist.

4. INTERNAL RISK FACTORS Conditions existing within the individual that may affect one’s ability to stay balanced and upright. – Balance and gait – Vision – Medication – Chronic condition – Blood pressure

5. EXTERNAL RISK FACTORS Those things that exist outside of the body, in the environment, that potentially pose a fall threat. – Loose cords – Clutter in walkways – Loose rugs – Wet surfaces – First time in new surroundings

6. IN THE HOME- HAZARDS Easy to overlook - easy to correct Significantly increase the prevention of a fall Environment modification not effective alone One fall can be the difference between independence and…

7. FLOORS Furniture placement Throw rugs on tile or carpet Loose objects/clutter/cords Pets

8. STAIRCASES Objects Adequate lighting (two light switches) Loose carpet or slippery surfaces Handrails are secure and stabile Markings on step for vision impaired

9. KITCHEN High shelves and heavy objects Step stool Cabinet use under counters Towels handy

10. BATHROOMS Anti-slip strips in bath tub/shower Shower bench Grab bars in and around tub Low sitting toilet Tissue is within reach Water is lower than 120 degrees

11. BEDROOM Light/flashlight near the bed Clear path from bed to bathroom Phone near the bed

12. ADDITIONAL TIPS Wear a comfortable, slip-resistant pair of shoes both inside and outside. Cordless phone Keep emergency numbers close to the phone Proper clothing

13. REVIEW Distinguished the difference between internal and external factors. Discussed some environmental hazards that could exist in the home. Listed some simple modifications that can be done to minimize fall risk.