1. Principles of Rocketry

2. Our Water Rockets
Instead of hot gasses creating pressure, we use a bike pump and store pressure
Action: Expelling water from engine bottle.
(water is forced down)
Reaction: Water resisting against rocket body.
(Rocket is forced up)

3. DRAW THE ROCKET AND WRITE EVERYTHING DOWN
Water Rockets Work Like Real Rockets
DRAW THE ROCKET AND WRITE EVERYTHING DOWN
Pascal’s Principle
Reaction:
Bottle forced up by water being expelled down
High Air pressure is transmitted equally in all directions and parts of the fluid.
Action:
Water forced out and down by air pressure

4. Other factors that make the Water Bottle Rocket Fly
Compressed Air + Water
WRITE
WRITE
WRITE

5. How Newton's Laws Affect Our Rockets
WRITE THIS
Newton's First Law
The pressure inside the rocket must overcome the INERTIA of the rocket’s weight to launch. If the rocket has too much water, it will have too much weight/INERTIA.

6. a = F m Newton's Second Law
This is why you need just the right mass and force to achieve a good acceleration
80psi is perfect for g a = F m

7. DON’T WRITE WHAT’S IN YELLOW
Newton's Third Law
When you pull the pin, that area of High Air Pressure in the top of your rocket engine is going to force, throw, hurl, spew that "massive" water out the bottom of your rocket at a great speed. That water and air is pushing down (action force), so your rocket must go up (reaction force).

8. Stability During Flight
The orientation of fins and distribution of mass help make the rocket stable.
Center of Pressure
Center of Gravity
WRITE THIS DOWN

9. Gasses Rocket Pascal’s Principle Action Reaction
Equal pressure in all directions
Pascal’s Principle
Hot gasses escaping
DRAW THE ROCKET
Nozzle
Burning fuel Producing hot gasses
Solid Fuel

10. Isaac Newton's 3rd law of Motion
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
                                                                                                                                             

11. Stability During Flight….
Think about a dart….
WRITE THIS DOWN
Fins or feathers in the rear act like wind veins and trail behind
Heavy mass in front carries the momentum

12. What is the Action? Solid Fuel Rockets
Fuel in solid form burns and is converted to hot gasses
Hot gasses expand and create high pressure
Pressure escapes out nozzle, pushing against air and rocket body equally
- Reaction: Rocket moves forward, as gasses move backwards

13. Space Shuttle: Solid and Liquid Fuel Rockets
Liquid Fuel and Oxygen tank Feeding Engines
Solid Fuel Rocket Boosters

14. DON’T WRITE WHAT’S IN YELLOW
Mother Nature doesn't like it when things aren't equal!
When you pull the pin on the launch pad, and the latch holding your rocket to the launch pad pulls back, no force will be holding that rocket down! The unbalanced force of the High air pressure inside of your rocket will instantly rush out of the rocket nozzle pushing your rocket into the sky!

15. Newton's 3 Laws Explains Everything
DON’T WRITE THIS
Newton's 3 Laws of Motion
#1An object will stay at rest unless a force acts upon it.
#2Force = Mass x Acceleration
#3For every action there is an equal an opposite reaction.

16. Center of Gravity

19. Bring These Materials to class on Monday
Two, 2-Liter soda bottles
Old cd’s
Duct Tape
Manila envelopes
Clay
Stickers, paint, colorful duct tape for prettiness and other decorations are optional

20. Lesson by Mr. Alex Sowyrda Cooperating Teacher: Mr
Lesson by Mr. Alex Sowyrda Cooperating Teacher: Mr. Robert Jones Kenney Middle School 7th Grade Technology Hannibal, NY Sept – Oct 2004