1. Imperialism and America Chapter 17.1

2. Isolationism A policy of limiting involvement in international affairs

3. Spheres of Influence Dividing China among European powers and Japan into economic zones Gives each country exclusive development and trade rights

4. Open Door Policy Us argued against spheres of influence China should be open to all  1. open ports  2. collect tariffs equally  3. show no favor to nations

5. Roosevelt Corollary Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine The US is justified in intervening in the affairs of Central and South America to prevent other countries (Europe_ from doing so “Chronic wrong doing may in America, as elsewhere, require intervention by a civilized nation.” TR

6. Imperialism Policy of extending economic, political, military control over weaker nations

7. Roots of American Imperialism From its founding America tended to be isolationist  Exception: Monroe Doctrine

8. Roots of American Imperialism Beginning in 1860s global competition causes the US to expand European nations divided up most of Africa European nations and Japan competed for China

10. Roots of US Imperialism Economic Military Nationalistic Humanitarian

11. Economic Roots of American Imperialism Prior to 1870s US manufacturing needed protection After 1870s US manufactures out-produce foreign nations  Manufacturers need access to raw materials  Manufactures need access to markets for surplus goods Foreign trade is the solution for overproduction, unemployment and economic depression

12. Military Roots of American Imperialism Alfred T Mahan  Influence of Sea Power Upon History – 1660-1783 Argues the importance of a strong navy  Protect shipping lanes  Protect overseas markets  Protect sources of raw materials  Provide refueling stations (coal) US becomes the third largest naval power  Used it to back American foreign policy

13. Nationalistic and Humanitarian Roots of American Imperialism Humanitarian  Doctors, missionaries and colonial officials share the “blessings” of Western civilization Nationalistic  Keep America’s pioneer spirit  Ethnocentrism – America’s superiority

14. Cultural (racist) Roots of Imperialism Belief in cultural superiority Social Darwinism - survival of the fittest Ethnocentrism – superiority of Anglo-Saxon culture Manifest Destiny Duty to Christianize and civilize “inferior peoples”