2. Please Do Now A) Take Out your bellringers B) Take out a new sheet of paper and then label it “ Notes #22, Part A” C) Announcements: 1. Exam on Notes #20-22 will take place next Tuesday.

3. BELLRINGER Z-8 What do you already know about China, in 2015?

4. World NO #22 European Imperialists In China Questions For Today: 1. How did Britain establish commerce with China? 2. What was the result of the Opium War of 1839 3. What 3 things did the Treaty of Nanjing do? 4. What was the Open Door Policy?

5. China Was Largely Self- Sufficient Prior To 1800 A) China's government made strong attempts to stay out of the international economy, affairs, and conflicts--In fact, most foreign goods were not allowed to be sold within China's borders. 1. Most Chinese considered foreign culture & products as inferior, unnecessary, and in some cases--evil. 2. Generally, China did not have a major demand for anything that Europeans sold.

6. After 1800, British Merchants Smuggled Opium Into China A) Opium = a highly addictive narcotic made from poppy plants. B) By 1835, an estimated 12 million Chinese were addicted (a perfect situation for British merchants looking to make a fortune from a product that could be sold in bulk easily)

7. Chinese Officials Demanded An End To Britain’s Opium Trade A) The growing supply of opium caused great social, moral, and monetary problems in China B) Chinese officials wrote to the Queen of England requesting an end to such sales C) China’s demand was ignored as Britain refused to stop trading opium. There is $$$ to be made, I shall not grant the request

8. Opium War of 1839-42 A) Hostility took place mostly over the China Sea (Britain's steam-powered navy annihilated China's outdated ships). B) Treaty of Nanjing ended the war as China admitted defeat in 1942

9. Treaty of Nanjing Led To British Imperialism In China A) China was required to: 1. Give up the island of Hong Kong to the British 2. Drop trade restrictions and allow British merchants to establish commerce at 5 of China's major sea ports 3. Give British citizens extraterritorial rights (right to be tried in British courts if they are ever accused of breaking Chinese laws)

10. 3 Issues Caused China's Government To Become Weak/Vulnerable After 1850 1. China's population exploded to 430 million-- government did not create effective policies to deal with food needs as millions starved. 2. China's government itself was often corrupt & incompetent 3. Revolutions to overthrow the government were frequent (which highlights growing lack of support)

11. Imperialist Countries Took Advantage Of China By 1890's A) Sensing weakness from China's government, several European imperialist countries created a sphere of influence throughout China B) Sphere of Influence = region in which a foreign nation controlled trade & investment 1. Britain, France, Germany, Russia were most active

12. United States Suggested An "Open Door Policy" in 1899 A) U.S. government feared that the "Sphere of Influence" system used by European imperialists would shut China's doors to free trade and, perhaps, and end to China's sovereignty. B) The U.S. proposed an Open Door Policy of 1899 which called for China's: 1. "doors" be open to merchants of all nations 2. sovereignty be secured (ability to make national decisions without interference)

13. Please Do Now A) Take Out your bellringers B) Take out Part A for Notes #22 (started on Friday) C) Announcements: 1. Exam on Notes #20-22 will take place tomorrow.

14. BELLRINGER Z-9 Simply Copy The Following: Suggested Study strategy: 1) Read notes taken in class (visit my website for powerpoints if necessary) 2) Think about how you will answer essay questions at bottom of “Unit Guide”

15. World NO #22 European Imperialists In Japan Questions For Today: 1. How did the United States “imperialize” Japan? 2. How did the Meiji Restoration change Japan’s course of history? 3. How did Japan become the 1 st Asian Imperialist country?

16. Japan’s Isolation Prior To 1853 A) Japan isolated itself from the world between 1603-1853—Much like China

17. The Commodore Perry Incident

18. A) 1853, the U.S. government sent Navy Commodore Mathew Perry with 4 warships to the shores of Japan. B) Perry's request: Open diplomatic AND trading relations with the U.S. If not, the U.S. will use force. C) Japan agreed (it's military/navy strength was in no position to resist).

19. Japan’s Meiji Restoration

20. Japan's "Meiji Restoration" A) “Perry” Incident was a wake-up call for Japan B) Japanese officials opted to modernize & Westernize the nation. The goal: industrialize its economy by: 1. Engaging in a systematic study of Western technology, science, politics, and economics 2. Abandon their agriculture-based economy 3. Develop new industries in silk, steel, ships, & weapons

21. Meiji Restoration, Continued A) Japanese government also: 1. Hired British experts to assist with construction of railroad & telephone systems. 2. Created a banking & postal system based on the British model. 3. Improved its harbors & roads 4. Established a modern army & navy

22. Japan Experienced 3 Roadblocks To Modernizing

23. Japan Experienced Roadblocks In Its Attempt To Become 1st Asian Imperialist Country A) Roadblock #1: It lacked many natural resources that imperialist countries needed (coal, etc) B) The solution: gain colonies to fill this void AND provide new markets for selling Japanese products.

24. Roadblock #2: Japan lacked land for population growth A) Geographically, Japan is a landmass of thousands of islands. B) Industrialization would lead to population growth and (eventually), a lack of living space. C) Establishing colonies would solve this roadblock

25. Japan’s Imperialization Of China

26. Japan's Imperialization of China A) Japan decided to seize Ryukyu Islands off coast of China in 1874 B) China-Japanese War of 1895 A) Japan was victorious and forced China to give up Taiwan.

27. Japan Went To War With Russia

28. Russo-Japanese War of 1905 A) Russia & Japan went to war over competing ambitions in Manchuria & Korea B) Russia was seeking a warm-water port into the Pacific ocean. C) Japan won in convincing fashion, becoming the 1st Asian country to defeat a Western country.

29. Japan’s Imperialization Of Korea

30. Japan Seized Korea in 1910 A) It then drained Korea of its wealth. B) Imposed Japanese language on the Koreans through their public schools C) Attempted to stamp out Korean culture.

31. For The Next 30 Minutes A) Finish last Friday’s “Country Research” B) If you finish, see for a blank piece of paper + a “Comparing Concepts” handout. C) Take out Notes #20-22, then complete the comparing concepts handout. D) Complete a rough draft of tomorrow’s essays.