1.  Notebook Check! Please take out your notebook and prepare for a notebook check. You must have all assignments given, all notes written and both exams to get a 100 for completion. All notes/assignments must be in chronological order or points will be deducted. Please use the assignments listed on your data tracker to make sure that you are in full compliance.

2. The Americas and Africa

3.  Interested in Gold and Silver, if they found none, set up plantations  Mita: Incan system where adult males had to spend 1/7 of their time working for the Inca, a few months at a time Spanish adopted this system for mines, but so many natives died, they kept having to increase amount of time worked  Encomienda: Agriculture system granted by Spanish crown, natives were placed under encomenderos (Spanish bosses) who extracted labor and tribute high death rates led to collapse of this system

4.  Indentured Servants: 1600’s-late 1700’s Found mostly in the English colonies in North America. Young men & women unable to pay for passage to America signed contracts saying they would work 4 – 7 years, in agriculture or domestic capacities, in exchange for passage, land, food, clothes & tools.  Serfdom: 1500’s-1800’s Men: heavy field work: plowing, harrowing, sowing Women: household, children, kitchen garden, small animals Everyone harvested

5.  Kongo, Benin, Mali, Songhay Muslim influence (Portugal wants to convert) Gold and salt trade (to Portugal)  African Slave Trade Women most valuable  Household servants  Part of a harem Some traded to Portugal (mostly household servants)  Usually prisoners of war or raids

6.  Native Americans died from disease, Europeans needed forced labor  West Africans already knew agriculture, wanted in Brazil for sugar and Southern British colonies (i.e. Southern US) for rice

7. Africa: Guns and manufactured goods for Slaves Europe: Sugar, Molasses and Rum for Manufactured goods and guns Slaves from Africa to Americas: Middle Passage  As much as 25% died on march from Central Africa to coast, then as many as 20% died in Middle Passage 9-13 million brought, only about 5% to Southern US, Most to Caribbean and Brazil

8.  Traded slaves to the Middle East Servants Plantation labor for islands in the Indian Ocean

9.  More males than females were sold  Some areas population reduced by 50%  Increased dependency on European goods,.

10. Who was Involved? Where? Description & Facts Mita: Encomienda: Serfdom: Indentured Servant: Slavery: Why was it used? (As opposed to some other system)

11.  In a well written 5 sentence paragraph compare and contrast the encomienda used in Latin America to the indentured servants’ labor system used in north America. You must include its economic impact on the colony and the place of origin of the servants. How did these people become a part of the labor system? Which system would you prefer to be a laborer of?