1. 1905 was a dress rehearsal for 1917 Vladimir Lenin

2. Today you will… Be able to identify and explain the causes of the 1905 revolution. Be able to describe the main events of ‘Bloody Sunday.’

3. Causes of the 1905 Revolution Forces from inside Russia: Government reactions to protests and Bloody Sunday. No reforms for peasants or workers. Raising taxes to pay for the war with Japan. Lack of freedom. Appalling working conditions in factories. Lack of food and fuel in the cities.

4. Causes of the 1905 Revolution Forces from outside Russia: Ideas of Karl Marx. Military failures in the war. Ideas from Western Europe about democracy.

5. The 1905 revolution War with Japan In 1904/05 Russia and Japan fought for control of Korea and Manchuria The Tsar expected a quick victory – thought it would increase his popularity Russia suffered defeats on Land and sea. Japan destroyed the Russian Navy Tsar becomes more unpopular – people feel it is unjustified Russia is humiliated Government seen to be weak and incompetent Conditions for the people get worse price rises food shortages and unemployment Results Background

8. Battleship Potemkin

9. The 1905 Revolution Bloody Sunday Jan 1905 200,00 unarmed workers march to the Winter Palace Demands - Better living and working conditions - end to war - a parliament Soldiers fire on crowd killing 500 Tsar undermined in the eyes of the people Support grows for revolutionaries set off a wave of riots, strikes and murders Events Results

10. Father Gapon

12. Results of 1905 Revolution The October Manifesto - promise of freedom of speech, right to form political parties Establish a Duma No new laws without consent of the Duma Broken Promises Voting system was unfair rich had more influence than the poor Duma had little influence over the Tsar and new laws First two Dumas were dismissed for demanding reforms Further changes introduced to excluded socialist

13. Why did the Revolution fail? Most of the armed forces stayed loyal to the Tsar October Manifesto divided the opposition The workers strikes and the peasants uprisings were not co-ordinated No clear leader for the opposition

14. Russia 1906 - 1914 The Rule of Stolypin Aim of stability 1. Repress the revolutionaries 2. Introduce reforms to improve living conditions 1911 - Stolypin assassinated

15. Results of Stolypin’s actions 1. Great reduction in activities of the revolutionaries 2. Richer peasants (Kulaks) now run farms for profit 3. Kulaks now loyal to Tsar 4. Cities have more food 5. Conditions for some workers improve though many remain discontented. 1912/14 many strikes 6. Revolutionaries like Lenin learn to adopt new more tactics