1. GENETIC MUTATIONS

2. DNA and Mutations Mutations are any changes that take place in DNA: Can change the genetic code, and be replicated when forming new body cells. Can be spontaneous or caused by other forces ex: Chemicals, high temperatures, UV light, radiation Mutations can be inherited  Parent to child

3. Significance of Mutations Most are neutral (no effect) Eye color Birth marks Some are harmful Sickle Cell Anemia Scoliosis Some are beneficial Myostatin Deficiency Immunity to HIV

4. Examples of Genetic Disorders  Down Syndrome- extra chromosome  Hemophilia- blood doesn’t clot normally  Cystic Fibrosis- severe mucus build up  Color Blindness- inability to see certain colors  Albinism- no color pigment in skin, hair, and eyes  Muscular Dystrophy- deterioration of muscle tissue  Scoliosis- curving of the spine  Multiple Sclerosis- nerve condition that affects the brain and spinal chord

5. Examples of Genetic Mutations