1. Mutations A change in the DNA of an organism

2. Conditions caused by Mutations Cancer – the genes that code for cell division have mutated. Normal cells stop dividing when it becomes crowded, however cancer cells continue to divide forming tumors. Mutations that cause cancer can be linked to environmental conditions and some cancers are linked genetically.

3. Inherited mutations Sickle cell anemia is a condition in which the red blood cells can not properly carry oxygen to the body.

4. Symptoms Fatigue, paleness, and shortness of breath Pain that occurs in any body organ or joint due to the build-up of misshaped red blood cells.

5. Cause Sickle cell anemia is caused by inheriting two recessive genes. (homozygous recessive) Normal function - DNA ---  mRNA--  amino acid CTT --  GAA --  glutamic acid Mutation – CAT -  GUA--  valine

6. Sickle-Cell and Malaria