1. 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 Encoding StorageRetrievalForgetting Research and People

2. The process of “getting information in.”

3. Encoding

4. Effortless, without awareness, without interfering, cannot switch on and off at will

5. Automatic Encoding

6. The linking of new information in short-term memory to familiar material stored in long-term memory

7. Elaborative Rehearsal

8. Grouping information into meaningful units for easier handling by short-term memory.

9. Chunking

10. The most effective encoding method for long-term retention.

11. Semantic

12. The coding capacity of the short term register.

13. 7 + or – 2 chunks of information OR what you can SAY in 2 seconds or less.

14. Memories for things we do not discuss. Includes basic associations, procedures, conditioned responses.

15. Implicit Memory OR Non-declarative Memory

16. Memories typically stored in the left hippocampus. Involve facts, language, and general knowledge.

17. Semantic Memories

18. Briefly, continuously, and rapidly stimulating a neural network to increase the firing potential and, thus, forma memory.

19. Long-Term Potentiation OR LTP

20. Three areas of the brain responsible for memory formation and storage.

21. Any three: Cerebellum, Hippocampus, Temporal Lobes, Association Areas

22. The feeling “I’ve done this before” due to contextual priming of neural networks from previously formed memory.

23. Deja Vu

24. The MC questions on your test Friday are a form of this kind of retrieval.

25. Recognition

26. The Free Response question on your test Friday is a form of this type of retrieval.

27. Recall

28. This game is a form of this type of retrieval.

29. Relearning

30. Asking leading questions, especially of young people, causes people to incorporate false information into the retelling of an event.

31. Misinformation Effect *

32. The PAST interferes with recall of NEW information.

33. Proactive Interference

34. Jenny’s new, school locker combination is interfering with the recall of her old, gym locker combo.

35. Retroactive Interference

36. Impaired semantic memory due to plaques and tangles in the hippocampus, temporal lobe, and left hemisphere.

37. Alzheimer’s

38. Bob fell from a ladder. When he came to, he couldn’t remember anything he was doing before he fell, wondering why he was on the ladder to begin with.

39. Retrograde Amnesia

40. The part of your short-term memory system that plays back the sounds you hear so that you can process the content.

41. Phonological Loop

42. Famous researcher on misinformation and repression. Often works with her husband.

43. Loftus

44. Memory strategist who can memorize thousands of numbers in succession and gives great advice about studying.

45. Rajan Mahadovan

46. Developed the theory for the three systems of memory: Semantic, Episodic, Procedural

47. Oliver Sacks

48. Researched the “forgetting curve” by memorizing lists of nonsense syllables.

49. Hermann Ebbinghaus

50. He cut out the pieces of the rats brains after teaching them to run a maze. Interestingly, they didn’t completely “forget” everything about the maze. Thus, showing us that memories involve more areas than just the hippocampus.

51. Karl Lashley