1. Journal During the Middle Ages, there was a code of conduct called Chivalry. What do you think of when you hear this word? What does it mean to you?

2. The Early Middle Ages: The Franks & Feudalism Or..were the Dark Ages really a dark as they seemed?

3. Who sacked the city of Rome?

4. The Franks In the Roman province of Gaul (France) No cities or written laws –100s of tiny kingdoms –Farmers or herders Swore loyalty to King –weapons & loot

5. Clovis Converts to Christianity after a battle Church supports Clovis’s conquests by 511 AD—united all of the Franks into one kingdom Two forces were now allied 1.Military (Franks) 2.Spiritual (Church)

6. Charles Martel extended Frank’s reign to the north, south, and east defeated Muslims at the Battle of Tours –Stopped the Muslim expansion into W. Europe –becomes a Christian hero

7. Pepin the Short son of Charles Martel Fights the Lombards for the Church pope declares him “king by the Grace of God” this begins the Carolingian Dynasty

8. Charlemagne Greatest European empire since Rome Summer military campaigns –Muslims in Spain and Germanic tribes Spread Christianity by conquering the east and south Holy Roman Emperor –joining of Germanic power, the Church, and the heritage of the Roman Empire

9. Charlemagne’s Empire Included 2/3 of Italy, all of France, a small part of Spain, and Germany

10. Charlemagne Cnt. Limits rule of the nobles Visits whole kingdom Increases Education –Irish, English, German, Italian, and Spanish scholars –school for court children Monasteries—trained monks –expanded libraries –handwritten copies of books

11. After Charlemagne Grandsons split empire Magyars—900 AD, cavalry from Hungary invade Vikings—From Scandinavia, sailors –Raided and looted from Ireland to France

12. Feudalism What is Feudalism? Social Structure of the Middle Ages OathBased on loyalty and importance of the Oath Keep these words in mind while you are watching the film: –Manor –Lords –Vassals –Fief –Knights –Serf –Peasants –Self-Sufficiency

13. Feudalism

14. Social Pyramid King/LordVassal GivesLand (fief) Power/ authority Collects Taxes Loyalty Military service Taxes Manor LordSerf GivesSmall land Protection Basic needs Labor/taxes Loyalty Military service (sometimes) King Lords Lesser Nobles, Knights Serfs Peasants Dependent on each other: Relationships

15. The Manor System Self-Sufficient –All needs provided on estate Controlled by Lord –(who was someone else’s Vassal) –Remember:

16. Chivalry Complex rules governing society Three Masters: –Feudal Lord –Heavenly Lord –Chosen Lady Knights usually wealthy –Education starts at 7 till 21 Tournaments, troubadours, poetry –Real warfare brutal Few women had authority