1. THE SPREADING OF THE ISLAMIC FAITH

2. THE SPREAD OF ISLAM
Read pages in your book and complete the map handout
Use the map on page 258 for help

3. SPREAD OF ISLAM
632 AD
Muhammad dies, leaving much of the Arabian Peninsula under Muslim rule.
Abu Bakr chosen as Caliph = “Successor to the prophet.”
Abu Bakr – father in law of Muhammad and first follower to convert to Islam.
Next 3 Caliphs
Umar
Uthman
Ali (1st Caliph in the Shia faith)

4. SPREAD OF ISLAM
Muslim armies defeated Byzantine and Persian imperial armies, bringing Syria, Iraq, Egypt and Iran under Muslim rule, including the cities of Jerusalem, Damascus, and Alexandria.

5. SPREAD OF ISLAM
634 – 650 AD
The Muslim conquering of Jerusalem leads to the Crusades by Christians in 1096

6. SPREAD OF ISLAM Tolerance
Muslims believed in a policy of tolerance when dealing with the different cultures of conquered peoples.
Conquered peoples had two options;
Non-Muslims could chose to convert to Islam
The Qur’an forbid compulsion
Or, they could pay an annual tribute (tax).

7. SPREAD OF ISLAM
Muslims conquer areas in North Africa

8. SPREAD OF ISLAM
711 AD
North African General named Tariq conquers Spain.
Rock of Jabal Tariq (Gibraltar) named after the General
Muslims in Spain are called Moors.

9. SPREAD OF ISLAM 711 AD – Spain invaded by General Tariq .
Muslim Empire by 711 AD

10. SPREAD OF ISLAM 717 AD Muslim conquest suffers its first setback.
The capital of the Byzantine Empire, Constantinople holds its ground.
They shot “Greek fire” down at Muslim invaders

11. SPREAD OF ISLAM
732 AD
Moors in Spain loose to Charles Martel and his army of Franks at the Battle of Tours.
Moors retreat back to Spain.
Moors would rule Spain until 1492.

12. QUESTION
What would life be like today if Charles “The Hammer” Martel lost at the Battle of Tours???
Write a few sentences about how life would be different today.

13. SPREAD OF ISLAM 980 - 1055 AD Seljuk Turks migrate to Baghdad.
Adopt Islam
Eventually invade Muslim territories

14. SPREAD OF ISLAM
1096 AD
Pope Urban II orders Christian Crusaders to re-take Jerusalem from the Muslims.
Despite successfully re-taking Jerusalem in 1099 AD, the Muslim leader Saladin would re-conquer Jerusalem in 1187.
Several more Crusades would be called for, all of them failed. HOWEVER;
Crusades resulted in the expansion of trade, and helped propel Europe into better times.

15. SPREAD OF ISLAM
1453 AD
The Byzantine Empire and Constantinople fall to the Ottoman Turks.