2. Why are wetlands important? Wetland: land area that is covered with a shallow layer of water during some or all of the year.

3. Types of Wetlands Marsh: usually covered with grass. Swamp: usually resembles a flooded forest. Bog: acidic; have peat moss heaths.

4. Importance of Wetlands Act as a filter: thick mud traps waste and the waste settles out. Act as a sponge: absorb excess water from heavy rains to control flooding.

5. Importance of Wetlands Estuaries: where freshwater meets saltwater. Ex) coastal inlets, bays, and marshes. Creates a protected nursery rich in nutrients for many young animals. NO wetlands = NO seafood! B/C most fish, shrimp, crabs, and oysters hatch and feed in an estuary before returning to the harsh environment of the ocean.

6. Threats to Wetlands Agriculture: introduced chemicals into the slow-moving water which upsets the balance of the nutrients. Development: drained to build houses, roads, etc. Introduction of New Species: bring in non- native species to compete for limited resources.

7. Protecting the Wetlands Passed laws to limit development. Monitor pollution from rivers. Limiting the number of fisherman/hunters allowed in wetlands.