1. CHAPTER 5 Social Structure and Society

2. Social Structure  Social structure includes 2 major ways of identifying members of society:  Statuses  Roles

3. Status  Status  A position occupied in a social structure  Ascribed Status  Neither earned nor chosen  Gender, age, race, etc.  Achieved Status  The result of achievement or decision  Being a doctor, a mechanic, or a parent.

4. Status  Status set  All the statuses held by one person Ex. Mr. Coday Male Teacher Husband Son Brother

5. Status  Master Status  Status that affects other aspects of a person’s life.  Can be achieved or ascribed Ex. Occupation Influences what you drive, where you live, etc.

6. Roles  Roles  The expected behaviors associated with a particular status.  You are students…what is your role?

7. Roles and Behaviors  Roles are associated with particular behaviors.  Rights  What you expect from others  Obligations  What others expect from you  What are your rights and obligations?

8. Role Conflict  Role Conflict  When the obligations of your roles conflict. As a student-athlete.. Studying Reading Practicing for games Competing

9. Role Strain  Role Strain  Conflict between roles associated with one status Ex. Coaches Planning practices Gameplans Coordinating travel plans Uniforms/Equipment Scouting

10. Dealing with Role Conflict and Strain  Setting priorities  Ranking in terms of importance  Segregate roles  Giving up some roles to focus on one for a time

11. Types of Societies  Preindustrial  Industrial  Postindustrial

12. Preindustrial Societies  Society- defined by borders and a common culture.  All societies have social structures  Members have specific statuses and roles.

13. Preindustrial Societies  Hunting and Gathering Society  Horticultural Society  Pastoral Society  Agricultural Society

14. In your groups  Groups of 4  Must produce:  1 visual aid  5 bullet points of information  You have to present your finished product to the class.  You have 15 minutes  If we can’t do this quietly and efficiently, we can all do this independently.

15. Industrial and Postindustrial Societies  As societies matured, they industrialized.  Industrialization results in more complex societies  Larger government, companies, more rich and poor.  Known as maturation

16. Industrialization  Maturation  Mechanization  Animal and human labor replaced by power-driven machines  Urbanization  Growth in population in cities  People move to where the jobs are…

17. Ferdinand Tonnies  Gemeinschaft  German for “community”  Tradition, kinship, and social relationships  Describes preindustrial societies  Gesellschaft  German for “society”  Weak family ties, competition  Describes industrial societies

18. Emile Durkheim  Social solidarity (2 forms)  Mechanical solidarity  Preindustrial (shared values)  Organic solidarity  Industrial/Postindustrial (more diverse, complex, less in common)

19. Features of Postindustrial Society  Majority employed in services, not agriculture  More white collar than blue collar  Growth in technical knowledge and training  Technological change is assessed (good and bad effects)  Reliance on computers

20. For tomorrow…  Bring in an old magazine or two…something that can be cut up…  Bring some glue or tape too…

21. Ch 5 Review  Vocab, 1-12  Facts, 1-3

22. GROUPS AND ORGANIZATIONS Chapter 6

23. Divisions of Society  Social category  People who share a characterisitc  Age, race, etc.  Social aggregrate  People temporarily in one place  People in one Wal-mart, waiting in line, etc.  Groups  People who share several features

24. Groups  Primary groups  Emotionally close and know one another well  Primary relationships  Personal and caring  Source of greatest satisfaction and stress  Secondary groups  Impersonal, such as co-workers  Secondary relationships  Goal-oriented, such as boss and employee

25. Social Networks  Social network  The web of all your social relationships  What is the difference in a social network and a social aggregate?  How has Facebook, MySpace, etc., changed social networks?

26. Types of Social Interaction  1. Cooperation  Combined efforts to reach a goal  2. Conflict  Competing efforts  3. Social exchange  A voluntary action that expects a reward (something in return).

27. Types of Social Interaction  4. Coercion  Individual or group is forced to give in to the will of others.  5. Conformity  Behavior that matches expectations of a group or individual.  Groupthink- often occurs in group-decision making. Conformity of thought leading to a decision that is not thought out…going along with the group’s decision.

28. Find pictures in your magazine that represent your generation/social category (age). You are making a collage that we will piece together on the back wall. You can use pictures, letters, and words. You must cover an entire sheet of paper.

29.  Chapter 6 Review  Reviewing Vocab, #1-12