1. David H. Byrne Department of Horticultural Sciences Texas A&M University College Station, TX 77843-2133

2. Texas A&M University  Vegetables and Fruits in your diet  Decrease the chances of having a heart attack or stroke  Lowers blood pressure

3. Texas A&M University  Probably lowers the risk of cancers of the  Esophagus  Stomach  Lung  Possibly reduces the risk of cancers of the  Mouth, pharynx, larynx  Colon-rectum  Kidney and urinary bladder International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Monumental review of the best research on fruits and vegetables and their effect on cancer incidence

4.  Grape  Pomengranate  Blueberry  Peach  Plum  Apple  Strawberry

6. CropWangVinsonSun Strawberry10060 Red grape5010060 Plum6331 Peach-1050 Blueberry-81 Apple1541100 Wang et al., 1996; Vinson et al., 2001; Sun et al., 2002

7.  Germplasm  Differences among genotypes within a crop?  Genetic manipulation  Target trait?  Genetic control and breeding approach  Cultivar testing and release

8. Texas A&M University

9. Conner et al., 2002

10. Cevallos-Casals et al., 2006; Vizzotto et al., 2007; Byrne et al., 2009

12. Conner et al., 2002

13. Cevallos-Casals et al., 2006; Vizzotto et al., 2007; Byrne et al., 2009

15. Conner et al., 2002

16. Cevallos-Casals et al., 2006; Vizzotto et al., 2007; Byrne et al., 2009

18.  Germplasm  Differences among genotypes within a crop?  Antioxidant activity  Total phenolics  Anthocyanins

19.  Cardiovascular health  LDL inhibition  Platelet aggregation  Cancer proliferation - in vitro assays  Breast cancer  Colon cancer  Prostate cancer

20. Peaches and nectarinesPlums Byrne et al., 2009. Health benefits of peaches and plums. Acta Hort. 841:267-274.

21. Peaches and nectarines Plums Byrne et al., 2009. Health benefits of peaches and plums. Acta Hort. 841:267-274.

22.  Germplasm  Differences among genotypes within a crop?  Genetic manipulation  Target trait?  Genetic control and breeding approach  Cultivar testing and release

23.  Antioxidants  Phenolics  Anthocyanins  LDL oxidation  Inhibition of cancer proliferation

24.  Scientific  Relevance of in vitro tests to human health?  Which phenolics are important?  Bio-availability?  Concentration needed to deliver health benefits?  Stability of trait over growing/processing conditions?  Marketing  Will it sell? Finley, 2005. Chronica Hort. 45:6-11; Sloan, 2008. Food Technology 4:25-44.

25.  Germplasm  Differences among fruit crops?  Differences among genotypes within a crop?  Genetic manipulation  Target trait?  Genetic control and breeding approach  Cultivar testing and release

26.  Blueberry genetics  Moderate heritability  AOA, 0.43  TPH, 0.46  ACY, 0.56 Conner et al., 2002. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 127:82-88 Vizzotto et al, 2006; Chang et al., 2000

27.  High correlation between AOA and total phenolics  Potential to use TPH as selection criteria  Phenolics and sensory characteristics  Browning and peaches  Level of phenolics and polyphenol oxidase  Flavor? Conner et al., 2002. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 127:82-88 Vizzotto et al, 2006; Chang et al., 2000

28.  Environmental Effect  Ranking of genotypes same  GxE = Genetic x Environmental Effect  Ranking of genotypes differ with environment Conner et al., 2002. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 127:82-88; 89-97 Vizzotto et al, 2006; Chang et al., 2000

30.  Environmental Effect  Ranking of genotypes same  GxE = Genetic x Environmental Effect  Ranking of genotypes differ with environment Conner et al., 2002. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 127:82-88; 89-97 Vizzotto et al, 2006; Chang et al., 2000

32.  Selection needs to occur over several environments  Years  Locations  Select for consistency over environments

33.  Traditional breeding  Recurrent mass selection  Cost of screening?  Other approaches  Marker assisted selection?  Transformation?

34.  Germplasm  Differences among genotypes within a crop?  Genetic manipulation  Target trait?  Genetic control and breeding approach  Cultivar testing and release