1. Astronomy A Field of Science

2. Meet the Scientists  Galileo Galilei - 1564 to 1642  Copernicus - 1473 to 1543  Isaac Newton - 1642 to 1727  Johannes Kepler - 1571 to 1630  Galileo Galilei - 1564 to 1642  Copernicus - 1473 to 1543  Isaac Newton - 1642 to 1727  Johannes Kepler - 1571 to 1630

3. Galileo Galilei  First scientist to use a telescope to look at objects in the sky.  Observed four moons revolving around Jupiter proving that not everything revolves around Earth.  Observed phases of Venus similar to the phases of Earth’s moon.  First scientist to use a telescope to look at objects in the sky.  Observed four moons revolving around Jupiter proving that not everything revolves around Earth.  Observed phases of Venus similar to the phases of Earth’s moon.

4. Nicolaus Copernicus  Considered to be the founder of modern astronomy  Concluded that every planet, including Earth, revolved around the Sun  Determined that the Earth rotates daily on its axis  Considered to be the founder of modern astronomy  Concluded that every planet, including Earth, revolved around the Sun  Determined that the Earth rotates daily on its axis

5. Nicolaus Copernicus  the Earth's motion affects what people see in the heavens.  Copernicus did not have the tools before his death in 1543 to prove his theories.  the Earth's motion affects what people see in the heavens.  Copernicus did not have the tools before his death in 1543 to prove his theories.

6. Sir Isaac Newton  One of the greatest scientists and mathematicians yet.  Born the same year Galileo died (1642).  Developed new ideas of motion, gravity, diffraction of light, and forces.  One of the greatest scientists and mathematicians yet.  Born the same year Galileo died (1642).  Developed new ideas of motion, gravity, diffraction of light, and forces.

7. Newton’s Three Laws of Motion  The Law of Inertia  Acceleration versus Mass  Actions versus Reactions  The Law of Inertia  Acceleration versus Mass  Actions versus Reactions

8. First Law of Motion (the law of inertia)  An object at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force.  An object in motion continues in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.  What does this mean? Objects keep on doing what they’re doing until something changes.  An object at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force.  An object in motion continues in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.  What does this mean? Objects keep on doing what they’re doing until something changes.

9. Second Law of Motion  Acceleration is produced when a force acts on a mass.  The greater the mass of an object being accelerated, the greater the amount of force needed to accelerate the object.  What does this mean? More mass needs more force to accelerate.  Acceleration is produced when a force acts on a mass.  The greater the mass of an object being accelerated, the greater the amount of force needed to accelerate the object.  What does this mean? More mass needs more force to accelerate.

10. Third Law of Motion  For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.  What does this mean? When you push an object, it pushes back.  For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.  What does this mean? When you push an object, it pushes back.

11. Johannes Kepler  Important work in Astronomy, optics, and geometry.  Discovered that planets travel around the sun in elliptical orbits.  Coined the name “satellite” for moons that orbit planets.  Important work in Astronomy, optics, and geometry.  Discovered that planets travel around the sun in elliptical orbits.  Coined the name “satellite” for moons that orbit planets.