1. BOHR MODELS AND QUIZ RESUME OUT PLEASE!
Catalyst – February , * 103
BOHR MODELS AND QUIZ RESUME OUT PLEASE!
Draw the Bohr model for Aluminum.
Draw the Bohr model for Boron.
What similarities do these two elements have?

2. Today’s Agenda
Catalyst
Periodic Table Basics/Project Talk
Electron Configuration!
Practice, Practice, Practice!
Exit Question

3. Today’s Objectives
SWBAT describe the major regions of the periodic table.
SWBAT compare and contrast the Bohr model with the Quantum Model (the modern atom).
SWBAT write electron configurations for elements.

4. Bohr Model Review
Who Am I?

5. Which Atom am I?
# of valence electrons? P N Ca

6. Which Atom am I?
# of valence electrons? P N Ne

7. Which Atom am I?
# of valence electrons? P N O

8. Which Atom am I?
# of valence electrons? P N B

9. Which Atom am I?
# of valence electrons? P N Si

10. Find the atomic number of this element

11. Notice any trends???
Look at your Bohr models for the first 20 elements
What trends (patterns or similarities) do you notice along the periodic table?

12. Turn over your
Bohr Model sheet!

13. Periodic Table Basics You are about to begin a journey to find the
secrets of the Periodic Table
The Periodic Table is a majestic tool used by
scientists all over the world
Are you ready?
Let’s go.

14. The Periodic Table
Key Point #1: The periodic table organizes the elements into many different groups based on physical and chemical properties.
We will learn about the major ways to group the elements by…
Family/Group
Metals/metalloids/nonmetals
Valence Electrons (save for next unit)
Atomic size (save for next unit)
Electronegativity (save for next unit)

15. What does PERIODIC mean?
Key Point #2: Periodic means that there is some kind of pattern.
In the Periodic Table, there are numerous patterns
What about in regular life? How could you group the following items in different ways?

17. The Evolution of the Periodic Table
Just like atomic theory, the Periodic Table also has a long history
In the late 1790s, French scientist Antoine Lavoisier compiled a list of elements known at that time - only 23!
In the 1800s, scientists began discovering a ton of elements - up to 70!

18. Evolution Continued New elements meant new data!
Scientists needed a way to organize everything!

19. John Newlands (1860s)
Arranged the Periodic Table by increasing ATOMIC MASS
Noticed patterns based on physical and chemical properties - repeated every 8th element
Law of Octaves

20. Newland’s Periodic Table Law of Octaves

21. Mendeleev (1869)
Arranged elements by increasing ATOMIC MASS into columns based on chemical and physical properties
Left spaces for undiscovered elements
First to publish table

22. Mendeleev’s Periodic Table
EMPTY SPACES!

23. Mosely (1913) Arranged elements by increasing ATOMIC NUMBER
Some of Mendeleev’s elements in the wrong order
Periodic Law

24. Our Periodic Table – Thanks to Mosely

25. Periodic Law
Periodic Law is the statement that there is a periodic (patterned) repetition of chemical and physical properties of the elements when they are arranged in increasing atomic number

26. Periodic Table Basics
Vertical columns on the periodic table are called groups
Horizontal rows on the periodic table are called periods
Elements are in order of atomic number
Elements are grouped according to electron configuration

27. Metal, Nonmetals, and Metalloids
Are bad conductors of electricity and heat
No Luster
Are brittle (break easily)
Nonductile
Solid, liquid, and gas at room temperature
Are good conductors of electricity and heat
Are shiny (have luster)
Are malleable (can be beaten into thin sheets)
Are ductile (can be stretched into wire)
Solid at room temp (except Hg)
Metalloids are elements that have properties that are in between metals and nonmetals.

28. Metals vs. Nonmetals
Based on your real life experience label the following as metals or nonmetals
Copper
Oxygen
Silver
Neon
Gold
Helium
Platinum
Carbon (graphite, diamonds)
Iron

29. Metals, Metalloids, and Nonmetals

30. Metal vs. Nonmetals
Two parents are designing a child’s room. They know that children are very curious and want to touch everything, including the heating vent. The vent is currently made of iron, which of the following elements should the parents use to remake the vent so it does not conduct heat well?
Silver
Zinc
Calcium
Carbon
Chromium
An electrician ran out of wire and needs to buy some more to finish the electrical circuits in a home. At the store he has the choice of buying the following elements. Which should he buy?
Carbon
Hydrogen
Fluorine
Gold
Sulfur

31. Major Families Noble Gases Alkali Metals Halogens
Alkaline Earth Metals H He Be B C N O F
Transition Metals
Lanthanides Ce Th
Actininides

32. Onto…
ELECTRON
CONFIGURATION!

33. We use the periodic table like a magic map!

34. Electron Configuration in da House!
Key Point #1: The Schrödinger Equation predicts the location of an electron in an atom.
It tells us that electrons hang out in atomic orbitals
Imagine electrons filling up rooms in a house…

35. Schrödinger Equation and Atomic Orbitals
Key Point #2: There are 4 atomic orbitals… s p d f

36. A Saying to Remember the Four Atomic Orbitals
some pirates die fiercely!

37. The s Orbital One s orbital in each energy level
The s orbital is shaped like a sphere

38. The p Orbital Three p orbitals in each energy level
(starting in the 2nd energy level!)
Shape looks like dumbells or bowties

39. p and s Orbitals Side by Side

40. Start in the 3rd energy level! Shape looks like eggs or flowers
The d orbital
Five d orbitals
Start in the 3rd energy level!
Shape looks like eggs or flowers

41. The f orbital
Seven f orbitals - start in 4th energy level

42. Electron Configuration
Review: Where do electrons hang out?
Now, we have to know how many electrons can fit into each atomic orbital
Think of each orbital as a type of house
Some houses are big, some small
Some houses have more bedrooms than others

43. Electron Configuration (First Energy Level)
Each orbital (bedroom) can hold two electrons
Review: How many orbitals are on the first energy level?
Good, just one! This is an s orbital!
One bedroom = up to 2 electrons
= electron

44. Electron Configuration (Second Energy Level)
Review: Which orbitals are on the second energy level?
Good! s and p
Review: How many p orbitals are there?
Good! Three p orbitals

45. Electron Configuration (Second Energy Level)
So….how many electrons could shack up on the second energy level?
Eight electrons!
= electron

46. Electron Configuration (Third energy level and beyond)
Review: How many d orbitals are there?
Good, five d orbitals!
So….how many electrons could shack up in d orbitals?
Good! Ten electrons!

47. Electron Configuration (Fourth Energy Level and Beyond)
Review: How many f orbitals are there?
Good! Seven f orbitals
So….how many electrons could shack up in f orbitals?
= electron
Good! Fourteen electrons!

48. Electron Configuration Review
Fill in the table below on your notes.
Orbital Type
(s, p, d, or f)
Energy Level
# of Orbitals
Maximum # of Electrons s p 5 14 1
1,2,3,4… 2 3 6
2,3,4… d 10
3,4… f 4… 7

49. Electron Configuration
Key Point #3: Electron configuration shows how the electrons are distributed among the various atomic orbitals and energy levels.
The format consists of a series of numbers, letters, and superscripts as shown below:
1s2

50. Electron Configuration
1s2
Large number = energy level
Letter = atomic orbital
Superscript (small) number = number of electrons in atomic orbital

51. Figure it out yourself!! (15 mins)
Look at the tables that have 1s, 2s, 2p on your notes sheet. Below, I have shown 4 correct electron configurations. See if you can figure out how to do the last two.
Mg -1s22s22p63s2
Ne - 1s22s22p6
Si - 1s22s22p63s23p2
K - 1s22s22p63s23p64s1
S -
B -