1. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. glencoe.com Image Bank Foldables Video Clips and Animations Standardized Test Practice Chapter Resources Click on one of the following icons to go to that resource. Chapter Review Questions Chapter Summary

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3. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Image Bank Click on individual thumbnail images to view larger versions.

4. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Image Bank To transfer images to your own power point follow the following steps: Open the “Resource” file from the CD-ROM disc – view the file in the “normal view” or “slide sorter view” mode - go to slide #2 – from there you can click through the images and follow these instructions. Click once on the image. Copy the image Go to your own power point document Paste the image. Transfer Images

5. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Image Bank Table – Examples of Physical and Chemical Processes

6. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Image Bank Lemonade

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13. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Image Bank Nonpolar Molecules

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15. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Image Bank How Water Dissolves Ionic Compounds

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17. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Image Bank Like Dissolves Like

18. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Image Bank Solubility in Liquid-Solid Solutions

19. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Image Bank Heated Beaker

20. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Image Bank Hydrogen Ion Combining with Water Molecule to Form Hydronium Ion

21. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Image Bank Lemons, Limes, and Oranges

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24. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Image Bank Strengths of Acids and Bases

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28. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Foldables Solutions Make the following Foldable to help classify solutions based on their common features.

29. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Foldables Fold a vertical sheet of paper in half from side to side. Make the front edge about 1.25 cm shorter than the back edge.

30. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Foldables Turn lengthwise and fold into thirds.

31. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Foldables Unfold and cut only the top layer along both folds to make three tabs.

32. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Foldables Label each tab as shown.

33. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Foldables As you read the chapter, classify solutions based on their states and list them under the appropriate tabs. On your Foldable, circle the solutions that are acids and underline the solutions that are bases. Find Main Ideas

34. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Video Clips Click image to view movie

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36. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Elements and compounds are pure substances, because their compounds are fixed. Mixtures are not pure substances. What is a solution? Heterogeneous mixtures are not mixed evenly. Homogeneous mixtures, also called solutions, are mixed evenly on a molecular level. 1 1 Reviewing Main Ideas Solutes and solvents can be gases, liquids, or solids, combined in many different ways.

37. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Because water molecules are polar, they can dissolve many different solutes. Like dissolves like. Solubility Temperature and pressure can affect solubility. 2 2 Reviewing Main Ideas

38. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Solubility 2 2 Reviewing Main Ideas Solutions can be unsaturated, saturated, or supersaturated, depending on how much solute is dissolved compared to the solubility of the solute in the solvent. The concentration of a solution is the amount of solute in a particular volume of solvent.

39. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Acids release H+ ions and produce hydronium ions when they are dissolved in water. Bases accept H+ ions and produce hydroxide ions when dissolved in water. Acidic and Basic Solutions pH expresses the concentrations of hydronium ions and hydroxide ions in aqueous solutions. 3 3 Reviewing Main Ideas In a neutralization reaction, an acid reacts with a base to form water and a salt.

40. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Question 1 Chapter Review Answer What is the name of the scale that is used to measure how acidic or how basic a substance is? The pH scale classifies a solution as acidic or basic. It ranges from 0 to 14. PS 3.1a

41. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Question 2 Chapter Review The freezing or boiling point of a substance can be altered by the presence of _______. A. concentrations of glucose B. saturated solutions C. solute particles D. water PS 3.1a

42. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Answer Chapter Review The answer is A. Salt water cannot freeze the way fresh water can, because solute particles interfere with the crystallization process.

43. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Question 3 Chapter Review Which is known as “the universal solvent”? A. glucose B. oil C. salt D. water PS 3.1b

44. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Answer Chapter Review The answer is D. Water can dissolve both molecular compounds and ionic compounds.

45. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Question 4 Chapter Review Answer A carbonated drink is an example of what kind of solution? A carbonated beverage is an example of a liquid-gas solution. Carbon dioxide is the gaseous solute. PS 3.1b

46. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Question 5 Chapter Review Answer Combined substances which can be separated out by physical means, such as straining, evaporation, or magnetism, are known as _______. The answer is mixtures. Salt water is a common mixture. If you evaporate the water, salt will be left behind. PS 3.1g

47. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Standardized Test Practice Question 1 Pure water has a pH of 7. This means that it’s _______. A. acidic B. basic C. caloric D. neutral PS 3.1a

48. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Standardized Test Practice Answer The answer is D. A pH of 7 is right in the middle of the scale, indicating neutral status.

49. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Standardized Test Practice Question 2 Which is a chemical process? A. burning B. boiling C. cooling D. changing pressure PS 3.2c

50. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Standardized Test Practice Answer The answer is A. Only in this instance is a substance changed to a new substance.

51. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Standardized Test Practice Question 3 A mixture in which the substances are not evenly mixed is called _______. A. heterogeneous B. homogeneous C. homeostatic D. heterodox PS 3.2b

52. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Standardized Test Practice Answer The answer is A. A tossed salad is an example of a heterogeneous mixture.

53. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Standardized Test Practice Question 4 According to the graph, which solute shows a greater increase in solubility as the temperature rises? A. calcium carbonate B. potassium chloride C. sodium chloride D. sucrose PS 3.1

54. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Standardized Test Practice Answer The answer is D. Sucrose shows a steady increase in solubility as the temperature rises.

55. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Standardized Test Practice Question 5 What type of molecule is shown? A. aqueous B. concentrated C. nonpolar D. polar PS 3.3c

56. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. Standardized Test Practice Answer The answer is C. Two atoms of hydrogen share their electrons equally. Such a molecule is nonpolar.

57. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. To advance to the next item or next page click on any of the following keys: mouse, space bar, enter, down or forward arrow. Click on this icon to return to the table of contents Click on this icon to return to the previous slide Click on this icon to move to the next slide Click on this icon to open the resources file. Help Click on this icon to go to the end of the presentation.

58. To return to the chapter summary click Escape or close this document. End of Chapter Resources File