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Published byHollie Thornton Modified over 9 years ago
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Systems of Government Unitary system- gives all key powers to the national or central government. –Ex. United Kingdom and France Federal system- divides the powers of government between the national government and the state or provincial governments. –Ex. United States
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Autocracy Any system of government in which the power and authority to rule belong to a single individual. –Forms: Dictatorship, Monarchy (absolute and constitutional) –Ex. Hitler & Nazi Germany, Stalin & USSR, Castro & Cuba, Saudi Arabia, United Kingdom, Japan
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Oligarchy Any system of government in which a small group holds power. –Gets its power from military, wealth, or religion –Ex. China, Russia, Afrikaaners during Apartheid
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Democracy System of government in which leaders rule with the consent of the citizens –Types: Direct, Representative, or Republic –Ex. United States, Canada, & United Kingdom
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Socialism System allows for equal distribution of wealth, society’s control of major decisions, and public ownership of land, factories and businesses. Ex: some aspects of Western European Countries…Venezuela?
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Communism Communism- requires strict governmental control of both society and economy –Ex: China, Cuba, North Korea
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Traditional Economy Habit and custom determine the rules for all economic activity –Behavior is defined by the customs of their elders and ancestors
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Market Economy Individuals and private groups make decisions about what to produce and buy –“Supply and Demand” –Sometimes called “Capitalism” –Free Enterprise- idea that private individuals or groups have the right to own property or businesses and make a profit with only limited gov. interference
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Mixed Economy Government supports and regulates free enterprise through decisions that affect the marketplace
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Command Economy The government owns or directs the means of production (land, labor, machinery, factories, etc.) and business managers and controls the distribution of goods.
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LEVELS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PRIMARY LEVEL: using the Earth’s natural resources (ex. Farming, timber, fishing, mining)
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Secondary Industries Developing countries begin to manufacture products from primary industries. Secondary industries mark an advancing economy in developing countries. Most developed countries have a well established industrial base.
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Tertiary Industries Economies have reached a stage where selling a product or a service is a major part of the economy. These are generally found in developed economies.
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Quaternary Industries Economies have reached the technological level. People are involved in mass consumption of goods and services. Found in countries with the highest level of economic development
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