1. P SYCHOLOGY T ODAY Vigorous and Diverse

2. P ROFESSIONAL SPECIALTIES

3. C LINICAL 72% of psychologists Concerned with evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of individuals with psychological disorders, as well as less severe behavioral and emotional problems. Activities include interviewing clients, psychological testing, and providing group or individual psychotherapy

4. C OUNSELING Overlaps with clinical as both engage in interviewing, testing, and providing therapy Provide assistance to people struggling with everyday problems of moderate severity. They often specialize in family, marital, or career counseling. 14.7% of psychologists

5. I NDUSTRIAL AND O RGANIZATIONAL Business and industry 6.1% of psychologists Tasks include: Human resources departments Improve staff morale Increase job satisfaction Worker productivity Examining organizational structures

6. S CHOOL 5.2% of psychologists Promote the cognitive, emotional, and social development of children in schools

7. C LINICAL N EUROPYSCHOLOGY Assessment and treatment of people who suffer from central nervous system dysfunctions due to head trauma, dementia, stroke, and seizure disorders 0.9% of psychologists

8. F ORENSIC Apply psychological issues arising in the legal system. Issues: child custody, hearings on competency to stand trial, violence risk assessments, and involuntary commitment proceedings 0.5% of psychologists

9. P SYCHOLOGY The science that studies behavior and the physiological and cognitive processes that underlie it, and it is the profession that applies the accumulated knowledge of this science to practical problems.

10. R ESEARCH A REAS

11. D EVELOPMENTAL 18.3% of Psychologists Looks at human development across the life span Once focused only on child development Today devotes a great deal of research to adolescence, adulthood, and old age

12. S OCIAL Focuses on interpersonal behavior and the role of social forces in governing behavior. 16.1% Typical topics include: - attitude formation - attitude change - prejudice - conformity - attraction - aggression - intimate relationships

13. E DUCATIONAL 13.7% of Psychologists Studies how people learn and the best learning methods Examines: - curriculum design - teacher training - achievement testing - student motivation - classroom diversity 13.7% of Psychologists Studies how people learn and the best learning methods Examines: - curriculum design - teacher training - achievement testing - student motivation - classroom diversity

14. H EALTH 10.6% of psychologists Focuses on how psychological factors relate to the promotion and maintenance of physical health and the causation, prevention, and treatment of illness.

15. P HYSIOLOGICAL Examines the influence of genetic factors on behavior and the role of the brain, nervous system, endocrine system, and bodily chemicals in the regulation of behavior. 9.5% of psychologists

16. E XPERIMENTAL 8.2% of psychologists Traditional topics: Sensation Perception Learning Conditioning Motivation Emotion

17. C OGNITIVE Focuses on higher mental processes, such as memory, reasoning, information processing, language, problem solving, decision making, and creativity 6.7& of psychologists

18. P SYCHOMETRICS 3.8% of psychologists Concerned with measurement of behavior, usually through the development of psychological tests. Designs tests assess personality, intelligence, and a wide range of abilities Development of new techniques for statistical analysis

19. P ERSONALITY Focuses on describing and understanding individuals consistency in behavior, which represents their personality. Concerned with the factors that shape personality and with personality assessment. 3% of psychologists