2. ANCIENT INDIA – INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION

3. BASIC CHRONOLOGY. 3000 BCE: farming settlements appear along the valley of the river Indus  in what is now Pakistan. 2500 BCE: high point of the Indus Valley civilization. 2000 BCE: some Indus sites showing signs of decline. 1500 BCE: the Aryan invasions

4. ANCIENT INDIA

5. GEOGRAPHY OF INDIA India is considered a “subcontinent” because of its size. North: high mountains, the Himalayas and Hindu Kush. Center: Deccan Plateau. Himalayan Mts. Hindu Kush Mts. Deccan Plateau

6. INDUS VALLEY The Indus River is located in Pakistan. Indus Valley Civilization: Two major cities: Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro. Another major river: Ganges

7. THE INDUS VALLEY CULTURE Mostly peaceful farmers. Built large cities with ordered streets and bricks made all the same size. Strong central government. Statues of priests and kings.

8. Advanced civilization with large cities, running water and sewer systems. We do not know a lot about them because we cannot yet read their writing. Traded with the people of Mesopotamia and Egypt

9. Traded with Iran and neighboring regions in India to the east. Harappa:

10. Mohenjo-Daro Traded with the Persian Gulf and Sumer to the west.

11. Political Structure: Villages & cities were never politically united; however, they did share a common language & culture.

12. TRADING SEALS Writing developed from earlier trading seals, which had the merchants name and symbols of trade items.

13. Wheel technology 2300-2200 B.C.E.

14. Standard weights and measures based on ratio of 1/16 th.

15. Religious beliefs: Great Bath Tanks were used for the purification of the body & soul.

16. The first civilization to cultivate cotton and make cotton clothing.

17. Religion beliefs were centered on the idea of an afterlife, thus bodies were buried with personal items.