1. Copyright © 2008 Delmar Learning. All rights reserved. Unit 42 Endocrine System

2. Copyright © 2008 Delmar Learning. All rights reserved. Objectives Spell and define terms. Review the location and functions of the endocrine system. List five specific diagnostic tests associated with conditions of the endocrine system.

3. Copyright © 2008 Delmar Learning. All rights reserved. Objectives Describe some common diseases of the endocrine system. Recognize the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. Describe nursing assistant actions related to the care of patients with disorders of the endocrine system.

4. Copyright © 2008 Delmar Learning. All rights reserved. Objectives Perform blood tests for glucose levels if facility policy permits.

5. Copyright © 2008 Delmar Learning. All rights reserved. Structure and Function Endocrine glands –Secrete hormones –Control body activities and growth –Distinct glands or clusters of cells –Subject to diseases that can result in hyposecretion or hypersecretion of hormones

6. Copyright © 2008 Delmar Learning. All rights reserved. Structure and Function Hormones –Chemicals that regulate the body’s activities

7. Copyright © 2008 Delmar Learning. All rights reserved. Diabetes Mellitus In the United States –20.8 million people have diabetes mellitus –Approximately 6.2 million of these people have not been diagnosed yet Diabetes mellitus –Chronic disease from a deficiency of insulin or a resistance to effects of insulin

8. Copyright © 2008 Delmar Learning. All rights reserved. Diabetes Mellitus About one in every 400 to 600 children and adolescents in the U.S. have diabetes.

9. Copyright © 2008 Delmar Learning. All rights reserved. Blood Glucose Monitoring Bedside glucose testing –Very common in the management of patients with diabetes Many individuals perform this testing at home several times each day.

10. Copyright © 2008 Delmar Learning. All rights reserved. Blood Glucose Monitoring Blood glucose testing –Common procedure in health care facilities Take care to avoid cross contamination and bloodborne pathogen infection during and after this procedure.

11. Copyright © 2008 Delmar Learning. All rights reserved. Glycated Hemoglobin Glycated hemoglobin –Called “A1C” Test measures blood glucose over a 90- day period of time –Provides a snapshot of the patient’s diabetic control

12. Copyright © 2008 Delmar Learning. All rights reserved. Glycated Hemoglobin Percentage of A1C in whole blood is approximately: –50 percent from the most recent thirty days –25 percent from the previous thirty to 60 days –25 percent from the previous sixty to 90 days