1. Copyright © 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 6e James D. Halderman ADVANCED ENGINE PERFORMANCE DIAGNOSIS CHAPTER Gasoline Engine Systems 2 Copyright © 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 6e James D. Halderman

2. Copyright © 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 6e James D. Halderman Figure 2.1 The rotating assembly for a V-8 engine that has eight pistons and connecting rods and one crankshaft.

3. Copyright © 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 6e James D. Halderman Figure 2.2 A cylinder head with four valves per cylinder, two intake valves (larger) and two exhaust valves (smaller).

4. Copyright © 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 6e James D. Halderman Figure 2.3 The coolant temperature is controlled by the thermostat, which opens and allows coolant to flow to theradiator when the temperature reaches the rating temperature of the thermostat.

5. Copyright © 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 6e James D. Halderman Figure 2.4 A typical lubrication system, showing the oil pan, oil pump, oil filter, and oil passages.

6. Copyright © 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 6e James D. Halderman Figure 2.5 The downward movement of the piston draws the air–fuel mixture into the cylinder through the intake valve on the intake stroke.

7. Copyright © 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 6e James D. Halderman Figure 2.6 A pressure–volume diagram showing where additional work is generated by the delayed closing of the intake valve. Point “S” is where the spark occurs.

8. Copyright © 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 6e James D. Halderman Figure 2.7 The bore and stroke of pistons are used to calculate an engine’s displacement.

9. Copyright © 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 6e James D. Halderman Figure 2.8 The distance between the centerline of the main bearing journal and the centerline of the connecting rod journal determines the stroke of the engine.

10. Copyright © 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 6e James D. Halderman Figure 2.9 Torque is a twisting force equal to the distance from the pivot point times the force applied expressed in units called pound-feet (lb-ft) or newton-meters (N-m).

11. Copyright © 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 6e James D. Halderman Figure 2.10 The more air and fuel that can be packed in a cylinder, the greater the density of the air–fuel charge.

12. Copyright © 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 6e James D. Halderman Figure 2.11 The bypass actuator opens the bypass valve to control boost pressure.

13. Copyright © 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 6e James D. Halderman Figure 2.12 A turbocharger uses some of the heat energy that would normally be wasted.

14. Copyright © 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 6e James D. Halderman Figure 2.13 A turbine wheel is turned by the expanding exhaust gases.

15. Copyright © 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 6e James D. Halderman Figure 2.14 The exhaust drives the turbine wheel on the left, which is connected to the impeller wheel on the right through a shaft.