1. Introduction to Geography Latitude & Longitude

2. What Is Geography? Physical Geology Cultural Other branches: Cartography Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

3. The Geographic Grid Latitude Angular distance of a location on Earth’s surface north or south of the equator Equator (0°) Parallels 0-90 degrees North or South

4. Like rungs of a ladder (they even sound similar) Run horizontally (usually) Tell you how far north or south of the equator a place is Latitude

5. Any location north of the equator is a NORTH LATITUDE Latitude

6. Any location south of the equator is a SOUTH LATITUDE Latitude

7. The Geographic Grid Longitude Measures angular distance east or west around the globe Prime Meridian (0°) International Date Line (180°) 0-180 degrees East or West

8. Longitude Lines run from pole to pole Like telephone poles (long & tall) Tell you how far east or west of the Prime Meridian a place is Longitude

9. Any location west of the prime meridian is a WEST LONGITUDE Longitude

10. Any location east of the prime meridian is an EAST LONGITUDE Longitude

11. Example: Question: Where is Crossroads Mall located? Answer: “It is located at 72 nd and Dodge street.” Latitude and longitude are like imaginary streets on Earth Latitude (N/S) is always given first, followed by longitude (E/W) 41° north, 96° west Always be sure to give a direction with the number For 41 degrees latitude, there are two – 1 = N & 1 = S For 96 degrees longitude, there are also two – 1 = W & 1 = E The Geographic Grid

12. We can divide the Earth into quadrants: NE where all latitudes are NORTH and all longitudes are EAST. The Geographic Grid

13. We can divide the Earth into quadrants: SE where all latitudes are SOUTH and all longitudes are EAST. The Geographic Grid

14. We can divide the Earth into quadrants: SW where all latitudes are SOUTH and all longitudes are WEST. The Geographic Grid

15. We can divide the Earth into quadrants: NW where all latitudes are NORTH and all longitudes are WEST. (Note: US is always NW) The Geographic Grid

16. To find a latitude line (i.e. 60°N), you must do 3 things: 1. Go to your starting line (the Equator) 2. Determine which direction you must go (north or south) 3. Determine the distance in degrees you must go (i.e. 60) This will give the location for one of your Earth “streets” The Geographic Grid

17. To find a longitude line (i.e. 40°E), you must do 3 things: 1. Go to your starting line (the Prime Meridian) 2. Determine which direction you must go (east or west) 3. Determine the distance in degrees you must go (i.e. 40) This will give the location for your second Earth “street” Your location (60°N & 40°E) will be found where these two “streets” intersect The Geographic Grid