2.  Dynamic Link Library  Replace a dll with attack code

3.  File integrity manager  Hash all system file and store these hashes in a secure database.  Hashes need to be recomputed when system is updated.  Check the hash of all system files. If any do not match, you have a trojan horse.

4.  Werner & Frank, “What Dick and Jane Don’t Know About Integers”, Information Systems Education Journal, 2008.

5. unsigned char connections = 0; //insert network code // connections++; if(connections < 5) grant_acccess(); else deny_access();

6.  Time of Check/Time of Use Problem  (TOCTOU)  Pointer to my file  Check it  Pointer to password file

7. if(access(argv[1], R_OK) != 0) { printf(“Cannot access file.\n”); exit(1); } file = open(argv[1], O_RDONLY);